| H.L. Mencken (1880–1956). The American Language. 1921. |
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| c. The Middle States |
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| Allen, W. H.: Pennsylvania Word-List, Dialect Notes, vol. iv, p. 157. |
| Babbitt, E. H.: The English of the Lower Classes in New York City and Vicinity, Dialect Notes, vol. i, p. 457. |
| Bowen, B. L.: A Word-List From Western New York, Dialect Notes, vol. iii, p. 435. |
| Child, Clarence Griffin: The Diphtħong oi in New England, Modern Language Notes, vol. xv, p. 123. |
| Crowley, Mary C.: Miss Anderson and Her “Moybid” Friend, Critic, vol. xiii, p. 233. |
| Emerson, Oliver F.: The Ithaca Dialect, Dialect Notes, vol. i, p. 85. |
| Grumbine, Lee L.: Provincialisms of the “Dutch” Districts of Pennsylvania, Proc. Am. Philological Assoc. for 1886, p. xii. |
| Heydrick, B. A.: Pennsylvania Word-List, Dialect Notes, vol. iv, p. 337. |
| Lee, Francis B.: Jerseyisms, Dialect Notes, vol. i, p. 327. |
| Lee, Francis B.: Jerseyisms; Trenton, 1889. |
| Ralph, Julian: The Language of the Tenement Folk, Harper’s Weekly, vol. x1i, p. 90. |
| White, Henry Adelbert: A Word-List From Central New York, Dialect Notes, vol. iii, p. 565. |
| Zimmermann, H. E.: Maryland Word-List, Dialect Notes, vol. iv, p. 343. |
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