Module 5 Law of Conservation of Masssss

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Module 5; Law of Conservation of Mass Introduction and Pre-Laboratory Exercise Physical changes include mixing, separating and changes of state. Chemical changes involve breaking bonds and forming new bonds to create new chemicals. In either case, the changes follow a fundamental law of nature: you can change matter, but you cannot create or destroy it. This law is called the Law of Conservation of Mass. If you melt an 18 g ice block, you should end up with 18 g of water. If you add 1 g of sugar to your 50 g of iced tea, you should end up with 51 g of sweet iced tea. If you run a current through 10 g of water you should end up with 10 g of H 2 and O 2 gases. Answer the following questions by applying the Law of Conservation of Matter. Show your work. 1. Determine whether each of the following statements is consistent with or inconsistent with the laws of conservation of mass. (a) 127.10 g of Cu reacts with 34.00 g of O 2 to produce 159.10 g of CuO. 3. This is inconsistent because if Cu reacts 4.with O2, the masses will add together. Cu is 127.10 g and O2 is 34.00 g. When you add these two elements 5.together it equals 161.1 g of CuO not 159.10. 6. This is inconsistent because if Cu reacts 1

7.with O2, the masses will add together. Cu is 127.10 g and O2 is 34.00 g. When you add these two elements 8.together it equals 161.1 g of CuO not 159.10. 9. This is inconsistent because if Cu reacts 10. with O2, the masses will add together. Cu is 127.10 g and O2 is 34.00 g. When you add these two elements 11. together it equals 161.1 g of CuO not 159.10. This is inconsistent because if Cu reacts with O2, the masses will add together. Cu is 127.10 g and O2 is 34.00 g. When you add these two elements together it equals 161.1 g of CuO not 159.10. (a) 76.15 g CS 2 reacts with 96.00 g of O 2 to produce 44.01 g CO 2 and 128.14 g of SO 2 . 2

This is consistent because when all the elements react together CS2 and O2 are being mixed, meaning their masses are being added. When you add 76.15 g of CS2 and 96.00 g of O2, you get 172.15 g. When adding 44.01 g of CO2 and 128.14 of SO2, it equals 172.15 g, therefore it is consistent. 2. Determine the value of X in the following otherwise correct descriptions of a chemical reaction. (137.32 g PCl 3 ) + (X g H 2 ) (34.00 g PH 3 ) + 109.38 g HCl). X = 6.0 g H2 3. A 4.2 g sample of sodium hydrogen carbonate is added to a solution of acetic acid weighing 10.0g. The two substances react releasing carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere. After the reaction, the contents of the reaction vessel weigh 12.0 g. What is the mass of carbon dioxide given off during the reaction? Hydrogen is 4.2 g, and the acetic solution is 10.0 g. The weight of the vessel is 12.0 g. So, 4.2 + 10 = Mass of CO2 + 12 g. The mass of CO2 = 14.2 – 12 = 2.2 g. The mass of CO2 released during the reaction is 2.2g. 4. A 1.00 g sample of solid calcium carbonate is added to a reaction flask containing 1000 g of hydrochloric acid solution. The calcium carbonate slowly dissolves in the acid solution as evidenced by the generation of carbon dioxide gas. After 5 minutes of reaction, 0.21 g of carbon dioxide gas has been given off. At that time, what is the mass in grams, of the reaction flask contents? CaCO3 mass = 100.0869 g/mol, HCL mass = 36.46 g/mol, CO2 mass = 44.01 g/mol, CO2 = 0.00477 moles, CaCO3 = 0.00952 moles, the mass of CaCO3 is 0.477 g, this reaction causes 0.21 g of CO2, HCl = 1000 – 0.347 = 999.652 g. So, the total mass in the flask is 0.523 + 999.653 which equals 1000.176 g. The reaction the flask contains is 1000.176 g of mass Note: In part 2 of this lab, you will be doing a “kitchen” experiment. You will need the following materials for your experiment: three balloons, three empty water bottles, vinegar, baking soda Law of Conservation of Mass Data sheets and Post Lab Questions Part A : Watch the following lab demonstration and complete the data table below: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHOC44LU8Nw Complete the data table for Part A Before Mixing Mass altogether of Erlenmeyer flask, vinegar, balloon and baking soda: 142 g 3

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