Module 2 test review
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Apr 29, 2024
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Portage Nutrition BIOD 121 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dzky8e
1.
Facilitated diffusion
Which type of diffusion can move substances down concentration gra-
dients utilizing a trans-
porter?
2.
Active transport
Which type of diffu-
sion can move nutrients against the concentration from an area of low con-
centration to an area of high?
3.
Passive diffusion
Which type of diffusion can move substances easily in and out of cells down concentration gra-
dients through the cell membrane?
4.
passageway for food
Esophagus
5.
hold volume of food and mechanically and chemically digest it
stomach
6.
site of digestion and absorption
small intestine
7.
reabsorbs water and some vitamins
large intestine
8.
passes undigested foodstuffs from the body
rectum
9.
releases saliva containing enzymes (accessory organ)
Salivary glands
10.
produces bile to breakdown fats (accessory or-
gan)
liver
11.
stores bile produced by the liver to be released into the intestine to digest fats (accessory or-
gan)
Gallbladder
1 / 11
Portage Nutrition BIOD 121 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dzky8e
12.
release digestive enzymes to chemically digest food (accessory organ)
pancreas
13.
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Accessory GI organs
14.
True
True or False. If false, ex-
plain why it is false.
Intrinsic factor is a vital glycoprotein produced in the stomach and is nec-
essary for the B12 to be absorbed.
15.
gastric acid enters the esophagus damaging the epithelial lining
heartburn
16.
loose watery and frequent stool
diarrhea
17.
small pouches that push out through weak spots in the colon that can become inflamed
diverticulosis
18.
associated with bloating, abdominal pains, cramps, diarrhea, or constipation
Irritable bowel syndrome
19.
sores that develop along the GI tract triggered by H. Pylori, NSAIDs, stress or smoking
Peptic ulcer
20.
Possible answers:
eating smaller meals that are low in fat,
chewing food well,
avoiding overeating, and limiting coffee, tea, alcohol and certain spices
waiting 2 hours after a meal before lying down
sleep with the head of the bed elevated
List 1 dietary treatment for heartburn:
21.
Treatment usually requires increased fluid con-
sumption to prevent dehydration. A diet of broth, tea, toast, and low fiber foods should be consumed, as tolerated.
List a dietary treatment for diarrhea.
2 / 11
Portage Nutrition BIOD 121 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dzky8e
22.
Glucagon helps to lower blood sugar levels
Which of the following is NOT True concerning blood sugar regulation?
The pancreas influences blood sugar regulation
Excess glucose is stored as glycogen
Hormones are responsi-
ble for control
High blood sugar is called hyperglycemia
Glucagon helps to lower blood sugar levels
23.
amino acids
The monomer (single unit that can be absorbed) proteins are digested into
24.
lactose
____ is the sugar found in milk
25.
sucrose
____is the sugar found in table sugar
26.
fructose
____ is the sweetest tast-
ing sugar
27.
maltose
____ is the sugar rarely found in food but is used in the liquor industry
28.
Both fiber forms are complex carbohydrates that are necessary for intestinal health. --- In-
soluble fiber does not dissolve water and is not broken down by intestinal bacteria. It func-
tions to increase stool mass and speed pas-
sage through the large intestine. --- In contrast, soluble fiber dissolves in water, and is broken Compare and contrast in-
soluble, and soluble fiber.
3 / 11
Portage Nutrition BIOD 121 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dzky8e
down by intestinal bacteria. It helps to slow glucose absorption and fat (thus, lowering cho-
lesterol) and provides satiety to a meal.
29.
amylase; lactase; maltase; sucrase
Which enzyme primarily digests starch? lactose? maltose? sucrose?
30.
4
Proteins provide ___ kcal of energy/gram.
31.
protein
The process of gluconeo-
genesis is when the body converts ________ into glucose for fuel. (select all that may apply):
Ketones
Tissue
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Protein
32.
true
True or false. If false, ex-
plain why it is false.
Low blood sugar levels are referred to as hypo-
glycemia.
33.
In both type 1 and 2 diabetes blood glucose lev-
els are high, or there is hyperglycemia, so both also have similar symptoms (excessive thirst, urination, hunger, weight loss and ketosis).
Causes, treatment and time of onset are differ-
ent between type 1 and 2 diabetes:
-Type 1 is when the pancreas doesn't make any insulin, treatment is exogenous insulin and generally has onset in childhood-early adult-
Compare and contrast type 1 and type 2 di-
abetes. Include cause, on-set, symptoms and treatment in your answer.
4 / 11
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