Materials M1

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Curtin University *

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PRRE1003

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Material Science

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Oct 30, 2023

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PRRE1003 Resources, Processes & Materials Engineering Materials: Metals and Alloys LECTURE M1 Dr Garry Leadbeater Garry.Leadbeater@exchange.curtin.edu.au

3 Lecture focus Reproduced from “Materials and Man’s Needs”, National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C., 1974.

4 Lecture Outline • What are ‘raw’ or ‘bulk’ materials? • What are engineering materials? Do they matter? Are they matter? • Gases, Liquids, Solids • Focus on Solids • What holds them together? Bonding, structure, order, crystalline, amorphous. • Classifications – Metals, Polymers, Ceramics, Composites • Crystal Structures and Crystallography • Simple Cubic, BCC, FCC, HCP and Miller Indices • Polycrystalline metals and crystal imperfections- vacancies and dislocations • Strengthening Mechanisms in Metallic Materials • Elastic and Plastic Deformation - dislocations and slip systems • Mechanical properties in relation to structure • Crystal (grain) size, work hardening • Alloying (Reference and extract sources in this section - Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design 3E; M Ashby, H Shercliff, and D Cebon. [Ashby] Materials Science and Engineering-An Introduction 10E; WD Callister and DG Rethwisch. [Callister])

5 States of Matter Matter is commonly found on Earth in the following states Solid Liquid Gas

6 Solid Materials Material Bonding • As two atoms come close together they experience attractive forces between the (negative) electron clouds and the (positive) nuclei. • The two atoms also experience the repulsive force between the two nuclei as well as the repulsive force between the two electron clouds. • At a separation (r o ) the sum of both the attractive forces and the repulsive forces equals zero. • Significant other parameter - Temperature

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