A Research Proposal On Electrical Vehicles

Case Background: - In transportation industry, one of the biggest challenge is how to deal with carbon dioxide emissions and how to reduce the energy. According to the Natural Resources Canada, one third of the greenhouse emission is because of transportation industry.

In 2012, transportation accounted for 19% of the total global energy consumption, 96% of which was produced by fossil fuels [1, p. 201]. Furthermore, air transport is the most carbon intensive mode of transportation, accounting for approximately 10 times more carbon emissions than road transport and 100 times more than shipping (per tonne km) [2, p. 4].

The United States of America is one of the biggest automobile markets in the world. This trend has also created awareness for environmentalist to bring attention to rising level of pollution and emission within the cities and metropolis. As response, the U.S. Government is encouraging the automobile manufacturers to produce clean and renewable alternative vehicles that will drastically reduce pollution and emission. Subsequently, the automobile industry has witnessed a gradual introduction of environmental friendly vehicles that use clean and renewable energy to encourage less pollution and safer environment. The manufactures of these vehicles have introduced into the market three categories of electric passenger car

One of the main components of an electric vehicle (EV) is the controller. The controller takes power from the batteries and delivers it to the motor. To do this the accelerator pedal is hooked up to a pair of potentiometers, which provide the signal which tells the controller how much power it needs to deliver. For safety there are two potentiometers, the controller reads both potentiometers to make sure that their signal are the same, if the signals are not equal then the controller will not operate. For a car with a 300V battery the controller takes that DC voltage from the battery and converts it into a maximum of 240 volts AC to sent to the motor. This is done by using large transistors to quickly turn the batteries voltage on and off

After the success of electric cars in the West, manufacturers from around the globe are entering into this business. With more players in the market, the competition is expected to be intense.

The transport sector is one of the main global consumers of fossil fuel related energy in the world. Unfortunately, fossil fuel is a non-renewable source of energy and the production of oil has been fluctuating in the recent past. At the same time, combustion of petroleum related fuel release greenhouse gases, such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, destroy the ozone

Electric cars are vehicles, which, instead of internal combustion engines, are driven by electric motors and controllers. They have proved to be a good substitute for conventional vehicles and are considered as a revolutionary innovation designed to protect the earth from the damaging effects of global warming, as they work on the electricity supplying the integrated rechargeable battery that can be easily recharged. Compared to traditional means of transport, electric vehicles seem to be more viable and environmentally friendly because they do not need oil or other fossil fuels as an energy source but the high cost of such a car and other important issues of exploitation discussed in this paper make their use very doubtful comparing to the usual cars.

In contemporary world, the gasoline’s price has increased so much that there are less people to buy gasoline cars. Therefore, a newly developed car which use the electricity as power comes into people’s sight. There are some comparisons and similarities between the electric cars and gas cars.

Figure 2.1 shows a block diagram of an electric vehicle. It contains a battery that supplies energy, an electric motor that drives the wheels, and a controller that regulates the energy flow to the motor.

The subject of electric vehicles has been very popular of late. There have been many articles written, and research done, to scrutinize the on-going use of combustion vehicles while convincing the populous that electric vehicles are the wave of the future for transportation needs. Sales of electric vehicles have proven this true. Over the past five years, the number of electric vehicle sold has increased dramatically. According to the Electric Drive Transportation Association, in 2010 the number of Plug-In vehicles was only 345. The number of Plug-in vehicles -

The Majority of vehicles used to this day utilize gasoline for their primary source of fuel. Because of this, electric vehicles have faced a decline in the future of their industry due to natural physics that exists in the world. Although many of the electric vehicles offer benefits, petroleum vehicles naturally outperform the electric run vehicles. This is the result of the technology of electric vehicles due to its battery capabilities, performance, impact on the environment, and the financing of the car.

Electric cars are becoming very popular in today’s world and are becoming more main stream. One reason for this is the need for automobiles that have a lower or a zero carbon footprint. For the majority of the history of the automobile, the propulsion system was a gas or a diesel engine that would run off of fossil fuels. The burning of fossil fuels is very hazardous to our world and also creates much toxic pollution. However, electric cars run off of electricity, which is a very clean and pollution free resource, depending on how the electricity was produced of course. In this paper we are going to examine the history of electric cars, look into modern electric car technology, and peer into the future of electric car technology to see if EVs might be the answer to dramatically reducing our global pollution.

Have you or anyone you know ever considered buying an electric car. Maybe perhaps you or someone you know has an electric car. It's not unknown that as time goes on there are more and more electric cars on the roads. After tesla had proven that there was a demand for electric cars at an affordable price. This has started an arms race between leading car manufacturers. The only question is who makes the best electric cars what makes them the best. According to (www.Wired.com) Chevy has built the first electric car that can “go 200 miles on a single charge” they also state that “the bolt does not just beat the 200-mile mark! It stomps the 210-mile range of tesla's model s60”.

In the market today, there are some factors that can pose a problem to all the market players’ including the Model S.  The idea of fully electric vehicles is still a new idea in the eyes of consumers.  The major concern for the market would be the location and proximity of charging stations for the vehicles.  Major cities are starting to increase the amounts that are located within them, but are still not as readily

In France, there is a bonus-malus system based on type-approval CO2 emissions. Vehicles with CO2 emission between 0 and 20 g per kilometer receive a bonus of 27% of their purchase price up to EUR 6300. This category includes 100% electric vehicles (BEVs and FCVs). Vehicles with CO2 emissions between 21 and 60 g/km are eligible for a bonus covering 20% of their purchase price up to EUR 4000. This category includes PHEVs. Vehicles with CO2 emissions above 131 g/km are subject to increased taxes which can mount up to EUR 8,000 [36][37] [38].