Acc 201 Final Project Part 1 Accounting Cycle

investors, auditors, executives of the business, etc.) an overview of the financial results and condition of the company. The major financial statements that come out of the accounting cycle are income statements, balance sheets, Statement of cash flows and Statement of retained earnings. Income statements are considered the most important of all the financial statements since it presents the operating results of an entity , e.g. revenues, expenses, and profits/losses generated during the reporting period (Bragg, 2017). Balance sheets provide reports of assets, liabilities, and equity of the entity as of the reporting date and can be considered the second most important statement because it provides information/figures about the liquidity, as well as the capitalization of a company (Bragg, 2017). Statement of cash flows exhibits the cash inflows and outflows that occur during a reporting period, which provides a useful comparison to the income statement, particularly when the amount of profit or loss reported does not reflect cash flows encountered by the businesses (Bragg, 2017). Statement of retained earnings is the least used financial statement that provides information regarding changes in equity during the reporting period and can include information such as: sale or repurchase of stock, dividend payments, and changes caused by reported profits or losses. Statements of retained earnings are often

Payton Approved, a new dog bakery opened in July 2014. To measure the businesses success the first six months are reviewed. The first topic will discover the steps of the accounting cycle with descriptions of each process. Next, one will learn and analyze a report of the importance of each step for the accounting process to measure success. The last analyzed step will discuss how the omission of one step can impact the success of the company.

INCLUDES SOLUTIONS INCLUDES MARKERS’ REPORTS This is a three (3) hour paper. You have ten (10) minutes reading time. There are seven (7) questions. There are eight (8) pages, including this one. You must answer all parts of all questions. The questions are not of equal value. All answers must be written in blue or black ink. Show all relevant working.

The purpose of accounting cycle report is to keep the best accounting records up to date. It also assist in producing the best possible financial statement that shows the true pictures of the business or organization and help making a good call whether business is profitable or not.

(Ohara, 2007) Most financial statements are made public for the benefit of stakeholders and potential investors. The bottom-line is that financial statements are the main source for analyzing how well a company is operating. The income (or profit and loss) statement is simply a report card of how much activity (revenue) was performed in the period, how profitable that activity was (gross profit/loss), and what it cost the contractor to run the business (overhead). (Murphy, 2006)

Accounting is the study of how businesses track their income and assets over time. Accountants engage in a wide variety of activities besides preparing financial statements and recording business transactions. These activities include computing costs and efficiency gains from new technologies, participating in strategies for mergers and acquisitions, quality management, developing and using information systems to track financial

Users are likely interested in information that will assess the company's liquidity, solvency, risk and return, etc. Therefore, they can know more about how is the company financed and the availability of cash to pay debt from the balance sheet. They can know exactly about allocation of the use of cash for different activities from the statement of cash flows. Income statement will provide the information about the revenues and expenses of the company. They can also access information associated with dividend paid and retained earnings.

This financial statement is also used to keep records of the business, those records could also be used to compare the business development and to find out whether the business is making profit or not.

by benchmarking, calculating the expenditure, the staff levels, the cost of resources and how much materials is needed and the actual cost and compare them with the standard and budgeted cost. Financial statements are written report which describes the financial health of an organisation. This includes an income statement and a balance sheet, and often also includes a cash-flow statement. Financial statements are compiled yearly. Cash-flow statements provide a look at the movement of cash in and out of an organisation. The cash-flow statement can be important in checking whether or not an organisation has enough cash to pay its bills, handle expenses, and acquire assets. At the bottom of a cash-flow statement, the net cash increase or decrease can be found (Dixon, 1993).

Financial accounting statements can help a user to make future decisions by showing the concerned business’s health. It shows where money is being generated, spent and lost, depicting the financial performance and financial position. The statements can also help in situations such as raising fresh capital in the form of a loan, e.g. a bank will most likely require these statements to show the business’s credibility or worthiness. The statements help influence managerial decisions on which direction the business needs to head, and how to best maximize profit.

Financial statements of the company are significant for the investors who would like to venture into the business operation. It gives them the insight whether the business is making profits or it is doomed to fail;

The “financial statements are formal reports providing information on a company's financial position, cash inflows and outflows, and the results of operations” (Hermanson, p.22). There are four main components that make up a financial statement. The four parts are, balance sheet, income statements, cash flow and, statement of owner’s equity. The balance sheets role is to define the company’s assets liabilities and revenue of the business. The income statement shows the income within the company. Cash flow reviews the position of the company by cash payments and receipts. Lastly, the statement of owner’s equity shows the amount of earnings, stock and other capitals of people in the company. (Hermanson, p.34-35).

Financial statements are a very useful tool for individuals interested in the organization. Investors use the information to determine if it a wise decision to put their money into the organization. Investors need to determine if the organization has been successful and profitable and will continue to be successful and profitable. Creditors use the financial statements to determine the amount of credit that should be advanced to the organization. Employees generally do not look at the financial statements, but if a new executive was thinking of joining the organization, he or she may want to see the potential of the organization to make sure the investors are becoming a part of a successful organization. Management uses the financial statements on a monthly basis to determine which areas of the organization are profitable and which areas of the organization that needs to be discontinued or restructure to become more profitable.

Accounting is the art of measuring and communicating financial information. To maintain uniformity and consistency in preparing and maintaining books of accounts, certain rules or principles have been evolved. These rules or principles are classified as concepts and conventions. One of the important concept in accounting is “Measurement” (Mattessich, 1977)

Financial statements provide a view on the company’s financial changes within a specific reporting period and confirm its overall state. They give information such that they provide shareholders with a picture of how well the company is doing. These enable them to evaluate a stock’s worth and aid them in making stock-related decisions such as buying/selling/retaining which provide them further on the status of their return on investment. Additionally, they reflect how the shareholders’ money are invested, its outcome and effect to the company.