In a society where there is diversity in terms of social functions, personal beliefs, professional skills, and socioeconomic backgrounds, etc., and where individuals act out their unique personalities with a high degree of autonomy, mutual relationship are largely regulated through contracts. Due to the prevailing differences, there hardly exists a set of concrete social norms grounded in identical values that regulates the details of social interactions and constrains individual actions. Rather, contracts set binding limits on the duties and obligations both at the present and in the future for individuals reaching mutual agreements. The binding nature of contracts specifies certain conditions that limit the autonomy of individual choices and hence establish order in social interactions. A contract is valid if it is the outcome of certain due procedures, but what makes the procedures valid, however, is the underlying …show more content…
Therefore, only the external force of social order contains some aspects of desire. In addition, the norm itself restricts choices if they impede the formation of social relationships healthy to the development of the community in particular social structures, namely, if the values under certain social structures do not allow the flexibility to generate new procedures or to improve the current ones. Substantive law based on authoritarian values is an example. On the contrary, normative control opens up opportunities if it allows for flexible procedures in accordance with the realization of individual potential and the development of healthy social relationships, and if it leaves room for adaption of the procedures to changes in social structures. Rational legal order is an
The particular focus of this essay is on how terms are implied. This is central because the courts intervene and impose implied terms when they believe that in addition to the terms the parties have expressly agreed on, other terms must be implied into the contract. Gillies argued that the courts have become more interventionist in protecting the rights of contracting parties thereby encroaching upon the notion of freedom of contract. The doctrine of freedom of contract is a prevailing philosophy which upholds the idea that parties to a contract should be at liberty to agree on their own terms without the interference of the courts or legislature. Implied terms can be viewed as a technique of construction or interpretation of contracts. It has been argued that the courts are interfering too much in their approach to determine and interpret the terms of a contract. The aim of this essay is to explore this argument further and in doing so consider whether freedom of contract is lost due to courts imposing implied terms. The essay will outline how the common law implies terms. The final part of the essay will examine whether Parliament, by means of a statute, or terms implied by custom restrict freedom in a contract. An overall conclusion on the issue will be reached.
These institutions and social relationship structures, to remain, put in place hierarchies of power, which evolves with a stint of inequality. As systematic means of maintaining order in such society may necessitate the need for control via force or putting in place an ideology. Thus controlling the way the specific society sees the world and current social relationships appearing natural, normative and inevitable.
A contract is a bargain which two or more parties entered into voluntarily with a lawful object, each of whom intends to create one or more legal responsibility between them in law. Thus, a contract may be formed when two or more parties each promise to perform or to refrain from performing a little action now or in the future. (Boston, T. 1779) What is more, contract law shows what promises or commitments our society believes should be legally binding. Similarly, Professor Arthur Corbin's (1874–1967) famous first axiom of contract law is that the main purpose of law is the realization of reasonable expectations induced by promises. Hence, comments demonstrate that the purpose of contract law is to protect legal promises or commitments between two or more parties which build a
In today's day and age contemporary society's are built upon the thought of citizen conformity to a prescribed set of values and norms to. This idea of complies to social standards makes one think as to how these norms of fact society as a whole and an individual. The main driving component which draws people too conformity are the desire to be excepted in certain status groups. People fear that if they do not conformity is norms that they will be breaking the social contract therefore been shunned by society at not being able to achieve their personal goals. Further analysis of these forces for conformity in contemporary society it will be shown that these forces produced negative ethical conduct and
Proper execution of obligations is an essential condition of the normal functioning of society. Inattention to orders means a conflict between the individual and society or between individual aspirations and the public interest. Attention to orders is a set of values and norms (moral, legal) in the community, as well as the judgment of violators; judgment enforces compliance with these values and standards. The social behavior of a person is largely made up of particular response to the opinion of the people, and this view seriously affect the formation of individual identity. Compliance with social norms in the society should be provided through social sanctions, which are the reaction groups on the individual's behavior in socially important
The four elements of a valid contract are offer and acceptance, meeting of the minds, consideration and competent parties. The contract must cover a legal purpose or objective as well (Binder, 2012). The objective theory of contracts holds that contract formation is dependent on what is communicated, rather than what is thought by one of the parties (Barnes, 2008).
The notion of freedom of contract had many different positives and negatives when it came to liberty. Liberty is being free within your own society without being oppressed by a higher authority, so freedom of contract for sure created more opportunities for the working class man. Social Darwinism helped kick of the idea of freedom of contract in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. By the 1880's liberty or freedom of contract came to be know as the fourteenth amendments true meaning. Freedom of contract created plenty of opportunities for working class men and even women. Freedom of contract gave men and women the liberty to choose with whom they wanted to work for, hours they wanted to work and even discuss wages. Federal and State
Social order is one of the most central aspects of sociology. Two main factors are necessary for the existence of social order: predictability of society and cooperative behaviour of individuals (Hechter and Horne, 2003). In this essay I will describe how ‘values and norms’ and
A contract refers to a voluntary agreement between two or more parties that is lawfully enforceable as a legally binding agreement. There are various elements of a contract that must be met for any contract to be legally binding between the parties involved. These elements include; offer and acceptance, consideration, capacity and competency, mutual consent and writing requirement. The terms of a contract have specified meanings. Some contracts spell out the benefits that that are derived by third-party beneficiaries or instill requirements on third-party obligors. Contract law also specifies the future performance obligation of a third party that must occur to satisfy the contract. The law also provides remedies and defenses for non-performance for the parties involved. In relation to the case study “Di Jim and Laura Buy a Car”, this paper will define the elements of a legal contract using examples from this scenario where applicable. In addition, this paper will also decide whether or not there was a contract for
The rule of law as proposed by A.V. Dicey asserts that no man should be punished except for conduct in clear breach of the law. This assertion supports the fact that the legal system rests on the objectivity of the Judiciary. Where we are governed under a system which rests upon the impartial application of laws, and under which citizens’ rights and obligations are regulated by those laws, there must be an established and accepted system for making law. The law must be publicly known. Interference with rights and obligations must be justified within the law as the perception of rights, freedoms and equality in society is influenced by the quality of Judicial rulings.
Social contract theory is a willful agreement among societal members to delegate their authority to a governmental body for protection, welfare provision, and regulation of relations among the individuals. In such
At its most elementary sense the traditional principles of contract formation are based on the concept of two humans meeting in person to agree to terms. However, that traditional concept does not take into account the now widely accepted analogous, online contracting.
The pre-eminent procedural character of a contract is that there are essential elements that must be present for it to be legally binding. Australian contract law is largely attributable to the common law principles albeit various statutes have blossomed to supplement the substance of common law and doctrines of equity. The law of Contract pervades the day to day social and economic activities that have been accentuated by a precipitously burgeoning firmament of electronic commerce. At the outset, this has significantly given rise to enormous complexities within the panoply of contract law. Ideally, there are various forms of contract that attract legal attention. It is apt to early state that this paper seeks, for all intents and purposes to explore the key dimensions of contracts by electronic means.
‘Social order may be the product of consensus or coercion, depending on which sociological perspective is adopted.’ Explain and discuss.
A contract will be enforceable if it can satisfy some basic conditions. These type conditions are known as elements of essential for a valid contract. Every legal contract satisfies these conditions. Without satisfying these conditions a contract can’t be acceptable. That’s why for the formation of a legal contract satisfying the essential elements is very important. The importance of the essential elements to be a good agreement is described below: