Essay on BAOSTEEL negotiating a cross-shareholder alliance

5. What complexities do cross-border deals introduce? What are the specific risks of this deal?

Mergers and takeovers are forms of external growth within a business. External growth occurs when one firm decides to expand by joining together with another. A takeover specifically refers to the gaining control of a firm by acquiring a controlling interest in its shares (51%). Merger, on the other hand, means the joining with another firm to form a new combined enterprise, shares in each firm are exchanged for shares in the other.

As of 2007, Danone, the French multinational food company, was in a fierce battle with China-based Wahaha Group (the largest beverage producer in China) to win control of their joint ventures (JVs) in China. The fight is reported to have started in 2005 when Danone uncovered some unusual financial figures at the JVs, but this did not become known to the public until 2007, when Danone and Wahaha Group failed to resolve their disputes on the selling price of Wahaha-related non-joint ventures (non-JVs). The quarrel between Danone and Wahaha Group has escalated. It involves disputes on brands, as well as on perceived unequal commitments to the JVs. Lawsuits

According to our calculations Cooper Copper has an optimum bargaining position because they can offer up to $60.13 (at a 4% growth estimated rate) for it’s the stock in order to acquire the majority its shares. Porter 's offer of $42.00 per share failed to get the majority of shares need to acquire control. VLN 's offered to honor the price of $53.10 for preferred shares. This is the share value that speculators and stockholders would hope to obtain although the actual offer could end up to be much less. According to our calculations and analysis the best possible offer Copper can offer up to $60.13 (at a 4% growth estimated rate) per share for Nicholson stock.

Strategic alliance is an agreement between two or more organizations to cooperate in a detailed business activity, so that each get benefited from the strengths of one an other, and gains competitive advantage. The formation of strategic alliances has been seen as a comeback to globalization and increasing doubt and difficulty in the business environment. Strategic alliances occupy the sharing of knowledge and expertise between partners as well as the reduction of risk and costs in areas such as relationships with suppliers and the development of new products and technologies. strategic alliance is sometimes equated with a joint venture, but an alliance may involve competitors, and generally has a shorter life span. Strategic partnership is a closely related concept. This article analyzes definition of strategic alliance, its benefits, types, process of formation, and provides a few cases studies of strategic alliances. This paper tries to synthesize the scope and role of marketing functions in the determination of effectiveness of strategic alliances. Several propositions from a marketing perspective about the analysis of alliance process are formulated. On the basis of the propositions, a framework is developed for future research

Pikula (1999) observes that in merging two or more entities, the management of the companies must adhere to the Sherman Anti-trust Act which was established in 1890. This act was specifically established to prevent mergers from creating monopolies and cartels with an aim to exploit the consumers through determining prevailing market prices. If the merger results in a monopoly, it won’t be approved by the government. Employee contractual agreements must be considered before, during and after mergers. For the merger to go on seamlessly there should be shareholder approval. Initial approval by shareholders for the companies to consolidate their operations helps prevent conflicts from shareholders after the merger. Lastly, regulatory approval should be considered. The management must register the newly formed company. In addition, managers from the merging parties must consider agreements and contracts that the parties are engaging in as these will be transferred to the new company upon the merger.

Equity-based alliances include co-marketing, research and development, contracts, turnkey products, strategic suppliers, strategic distributors, and licensing/franchising.

The partnerships are being forged both across thousands of miles and with local suppliers, creating virtual organizations that extend beyond the physical boundaries of a company. They share ideas and data to be competitive. Jordan Lewis, author of Partnerships for Profits, has developed a comprehensive framework for evaluating and collaborating with potential partners for strategic alliances by choosing partners which:

Partnering: Develops networks and builds alliances; collaborates across boundaries to build strategic relationships and achieve common goals.

This amalgamation can ensure that both companies cultural views are voiced, thus creating an effective future strategy for the company to develop and grow as a business.

Q.2) Explain why it is necessary to identify who is the acquirer in a business combination?

3. Analyze the restructuring in the two years after the acquisition with regards to synergy effects.

It is because through the joint venture, the company is more familiar with the situation of the company there. The negative outcome is that the management system different between the company. So it is hard to make a decision making. It is because there is different opinion of each person.

Some of the alternatives both airlines can use is understanding each airlines’ knowledge and skill base. They can also balance collaboration and competition with the alliance, and maintain loyalty among their airlines. Trust is essential to their relationships. There has to be a clear understanding of how funds will be disbursed and how each company can go about individual pursuits and how it affects the other. The idea of joint ventures are to gain a competitive advantage over others. Each company benefits in joint ventures because they get to expand their market by gaining new routes, and they share revenues and costs. According to Appendix 3: Air France/KLM Income Statement, from 2006-2011 revenues increased from 21,452 million Euros in 2006 to 23,622 million Euros in 2011, with a decrease from 2008-2010. Appendix 4 shows Air France/KLM Key Ratios. There is a pattern of deceases from 2008-2010 which is evident through its profitability ratios. According to Appendix 6: Delta Air Lines Income Statements, there was significant growth from 2006-2011 with an operating income of 17,532 million USD in 2006 and 31,755 million USD in 2011, with a significant decrease from 2006-2007. It’s also true that their customers enjoy benefits such as a more varied choice of destinations with more frequencies and adapted schedules, frequent flyer programs and competitive fares. The

A strategic alliance is an agreement between two or more parties to pursue a set of agreed upon objectives needed while remaining independent organizations. This form of cooperation lies between Mergers & Acquisition M&A and organic growth.