Brain Ischemia Essay

Cerebral vascular accident or a stroke is the destruction of brain substance, resulting from thrombosis, intracranial hemorrhage, or embolism, which causes vascular insufficiency. In addition, it is an area of the brain denied blood and oxygen that is required and damage is done to a part of the cells. The effect of the patient depends upon where the damage occurs and the severity of the stroke.

The term, ischemia, denotes inadequate blood supply to tissues due to blockage of the arterial inflow, while, reperfusion injury is defined as the injury caused by the restitution of blood flow after an ischemic peroid, leading to death of cells that were only reversibly injured at the time of blood flow restitution. [63]. The final infarct size after an MI event is therefore the result of the ischemic and reperfusion damage. For this reason, the term that best describes this process of myocyte death in reperfused MI is myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury [64]. In the early hours post myocardial ischemia, injured cardiac cells can release several molecules, including adenosine, opioids, and bradykinin, which activate the G

Traumatic brain injury occurs when a person is hit in the head with a blunt force. This significant force to the head can happen playing recreational sports, on the playground, being in a car or motorcycle accident, falling down at home and your head impacting something, a blast or explosion. Traumatic brain injuries are also the leading cause of fatality rate and disability, especially in children, young adults and elderly. TBI is a devastating condition that affects millions of people nationwide, because it can affect the nervous system permanently, it also messes with the neurological, musculoskeletal, cognitive and much more. TBI force a family to deal with not just the physical disability, with the behavioral and emotional roller

Mrs. Alice Palmer is a 54-year old married woman who has been admitted and is being treated with an ischemic stroke which she had 18 hours ago. This paper explores the nursing care of Mrs. Alice Palmer based on the clinical reasoning cycle by considering her situation first, collecting cues and information about her, processing the information gathered, then identifying problems or issues she is experiencing, and finally carrying out a detailed assessment. Also, the paper focuses on setting goals and establishing a nursing care plan in the community, and target ethnically safe practice. Ischemic stroke occurs when the brain tissue does not receive sufficient oxygenated blood due to an obstruction of the carotid artery (Brunner, Suddarth, & Smeltzer, 2008). When the brain does not receive enough oxygenated blood, some or all of its tissues may get damaged

A stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the cerebral arteries, those blood vessels that carry blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when one of those blood vessels in the brain is obstructed or ruptures flooding the brain with blood. Depriving blood and oxygen to the brain results in those immediate cells death, causing the brain not to function properly. Once parts of the brain stop functioning, it can directly affect the areas of the body controlled (1).

A traumatic brain injury (“TBI”) occurs when the brain is somehow injured, rattled, or wounded from an external source of force. The means of acquisition and the severity of TBIs are unique to each patient; therefore, symptoms and rehabilitation can vary greatly depending on the patient’s condition following the incident and how they sustained the injury. The severity of a TBI is generally classified into one of three categories: mild, moderate, or severe, and this type of diagnostic criteria influences how a patient with TBI is treated by medical staff and rehabilitation specialists. TBIs can affect a specific part of the brain that was directly impacted, leaving the patients with only one or a few areas of impairment, or the damage can

Ischaemic stroke is a serious neurological condition in which a blood clot stops blood flow to the brain and for which immediate action is required. It is the fourth cause of death in Western society, causing 87% of all strokes, and also results in long-term disability among survivors (Bunevicius et al., 2013). In the United States, about 800,000 strokes occur each year, and approximately six million Americans are living with neurological deficits caused by ischaemic strokes (Duong, 2012). Therefore, neuroradiological imaging has become a major section in radiology departments.

In the United States alone, there are approximately one million head injuries reported every year; eighty five percent of these injuries are classified as mild traumatic brain injuries. Traumatic brain injuries, also known as concussions, are the leading cause of death and disability for neurological disorders before the age of fifty. Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are one of the most prevalent, and have become a major public health issue. A few of the main reasons there are so many problems with traumatic brain injuries (TBI), are lack of reporting by the patients, physician’s misdiagnosis or undiagnosed, and lack of awareness.

Every year there is more and more worries about whether or not football should be discontinued because of all the traumatic brain injuries that happen to all different aged kids. “A concussion is defined as a complex pathophysiological process that affects the brain, typically induced by trauma to the brain” (Concussion). With over “1.6 million to 3.8 million concussions occurring each year”(Concussion) this debate could be a highly one sided decision whether or not to end the game of American Football. “More than one million young athletes play highschool football every year” (Kounang). This is only including high school so these numbers do not include college or the

A brain attack and a Transient Ischemic Attack are two things that should not be taken differently. They both have things in common, and they also have their differences. They both are types of strokes, but one is slightly different. A brain attack is a normal stroke, and has the normal side effects, but a TIA is called a “mini stroke” (. "Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA).") A TIA is a really quick thing, and does not cause any serious damage ("Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA).".

The average duration of a TIA is said to be a few minutes, however, it this has recently been corrected. By definition a transient ischemic attack could have symptoms that last up to a maximum of 24 hours.

A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain

Stroke affects everybody differently, and it is difficult to say how much of a recovery is possible. Many stroke survivors experience the most dramatic recovery during their stay in hospital in the weeks after their stroke.

Our brain is most complex organ system in our body. This three pound of tissue creates the main nerve center of the body. It controls our all body function, body movement, thought, and our behavior. Many of people do not know about the how a brain works? The left part of the brain controls our right side of the body and right side of brain part controls our left side of the body part. Our brain uses 20% of the total oxygen and blood in the body so it is required oxygen and nutrition from the blood for work properly. The lake of oxygen in the brain for 5 to 10-minute results in permanent brain damage or occurs a stroke. A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of our brain is interrupted or severely reduced. A stroke is one of the diseases

What would you do if you had brain disease? The brain is the most important part of the human body. Without it, you would not be able to think, and more importantly, you would be dead. Two serious brain diseases are brain tumors and Alzheimer’s disease. A brain tumor is a massive growth of abnormal cells in the brain. There are many types of brain tumors. Some may be benign, which is noncancerous, or they may be malignant, which is cancerous (Brain Tumor). Alzheimer's disease is an unstoppable brain disease that gradually damages one's memory and thinking. Eventually, the ability to do simple tasks everyday even becomes destroyed. For most people, Alzheimer's disease show after the age of 60. This is known as late onset AD. Early onset is