Brassica Rapa Seeds Lab Report

C-Fern plants are a strain of Ceratopteris richardii and have a rapid reproductive cycle, making them perfect subjects in lab to be tested and observed on population genetics. Population genetics is the study of genetic variation and allelic frequencies on a specific group over an amount of time. It is a great way to predict future genetic information on more than just the C-Ferns. In this experiment, two different generations for gametophytes and sporophytes of C-Ferns were observed and counted for the amount of wild type and polka dot mutant individuals within a sample and a population. The overall results demonstrated a 1:1 ratio of mutant to wild type in the F1 gametophyte generation for both the sample and population, which was expected. The F1 sporophyte generation demonstrated a 1:1 ratio of mutant to wild type in the sample and a 2:1 ratio of mutant to wild type in the population. A 3:1 ratio of mutant to wild type was expected in the sporophytes. It was concluded that the polka dot mutant is recessive in sporophytes and demonstrates random fertilization in the diploid stage, but not in gametophytes. This process of population genetics in C-Ferns can be extremely beneficial in other organisms, such as humans. Population genetics could be a tool in medicine in determining human

All five groups recorded the outcomes that they established. For our bench, we found that nine raddish seeds in the control dish, zero raddish seeds in the eucalyptus dish, and four radish seeds in the lemon dish germinated and sprouted. Our bench also found that the average seed length for the control was thirty one millimeters, for the Eucalyptus was zero. and for the Lemon was eight and a half. Below, is a chart and graph that shows the whole data as averages from all five benches. Each bench did the exact same experiment so we knew nothing would be biased.

The experiment was begun by obtaining four 8 oz. Styrofoam cups and punching a hole through the bottom of them. This hole was for water entry or excess water drainage. Moistened soil was packed to the 1/2 full line in the cup along with 3 fertilizer pellets The cups were labeled the following: Rosette-H20, Rosette-GA, Wild-Type-H2O, and Wild-type- GA.(Handout 1) A small wooden applicator stick was obtained a moistened at the tip with water from the petri dish labeled ‘water.’ This was to be able to attract the seed to the applicator in order to place the seed from its original container into

This report presents an overview to: meiosis, chromosomes, traits, genotypes, and phenotypes displayed in the evolution of fast plants. Studying how the genetic information can be passed along one generation to the following. Also, learning various techniques to determine the possible genotypes of the four Wisconsin Fast Plants provided by analyzing the offspring and observing the phenotypic variation within them. Predicting that the parent plant was heterozygous with the first generation also displaying heterogeneous characteristics of non- purple stem/ Green leaves. And discovering that the null hypothesis was rejected for the chi-square being less than 5% meaning the observed phenotypes were due by chance.

There are many ways to obtain seeds to grow flowers in the springtime, but not all seeds were created equal. Sunflower seeds, for example, can be bought at a garden store in a packet for $1.5 dollars per 6 gram packet, but they can also be found in bird seed for $3.53 dollars per 10 pounds. This experiment intends to find if the germination of a store bought packet of sunflower seeds matches the germination rate of sunflower seeds obtained from a bag of bird seed. While both seeds will germinate, it is believed that the bird seed will not be as robust in growth as the garden seed, due to the fact that the garden seed is made to be grown, while the bird seed is made for consumption.

Add three seeds to the potting mix and cover seeds with little remaining potting mix. After the addition of the potting mix, use a dropper filled with water and water each cell until water drips from the wick. Then place the quads on a watering tray under the fluorescent light bank. Each cell should have an equal distance from the light bank. Quads should be three inches below the fluorescent light; the light should also be left on all day. Make sure all wicks are in contact with the mat that sits on the watering tray. Also watch out for the watering system regularly throughout the experiment. After four to five days record plants in the quads, giving their phenotypes in a table for each cell removed all but the strongest plant.

Round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r), and yellow seeds (Y) are dominant

In generalization, there are a multitude of factors that could potentially influence the germination of a radish seed. This lab thoroughly exhibits the effect of water amounts on the germination of a radish seed. There is indeed an in-depth science behind the projected results, and overall of the effects water has on the germination of radish seeds, and the growth of plants in particular. Radishes themselves are moisture-loving plants; therefore, it is significant that they receive an adequate amount of water, allowing the soil to be moist, but not overly saturated (Biology Coach, 2015). In general, water is significant for the health of a plant in the way it transports important nutrients throughout the plant. From this point, nutrients are drawn from the soil and used by the plant. Seed germination itself is defined as the process where the seed sprout for growing, and future development into a plant. In order to germinate, the seed must have its essential needs met until it is capable of doing so: water, temperature, and sun. Therefore, during its early stages of growth, the seed will rely upon the food supplies stores within it, until it is large enough for its own leaves to begin making food through photosynthesis (Biology of Plants, 2016). Initially, the process of germination begins with the absorption of water y there seed, therefore, this absorption of water then activates an enzyme that increases

Imagine that you are crossing two plants that are heterozygous for flower color and seed shape. The dominant and recessive alleles for these traits are:

The low-density radish-collard mix pots contained four seeds of radishes and four seeds of collards. The high-density radish-collard pots contained 32 seeds of each species. While our group replicated this 3x2 design four times to total 24 posts, we incorporated the whole class data. Therefore, there were 16 replicates for each treatment. For each pot, we filled soil up until about one inch from the top. We placed the seeds in the pot and piled on around 2 or 3 cm of soil on top. In 3 species levels, seeds were spaced as evenly as possible. In the mixed species pot, the two species were alternated so that each one had the same access to space and nutrients at the other. For each pot, we wrote down our section number, group name, and the contents of the pot. Our group worked at the first bench in the greenhouse and also contained our pots that were spread out evenly in four rows. Our pots stayed in the greenhouse for about five weeks, captured as much sunlight as they could, and got their water source from sprinklers that automatically came on twice a

The variables in this lab were different than the average science experiment. Instead of affecting the experiment to prompt different results, we just had F1 generation plants produce offspring so that we could study their specific traits. By looking at the variables, we can determine if they fit the Mendelian ratio and see if genes are linked on a chromosome.

1. In gorgonzolas, there are three recessive traits that affect the organism’s appeal: shrunken fruit, foul-smelling flowers, and short height. A heterozygote was crossed with a homozygote, yielding the following offspring:

The second step of the experiment was to soak the seeds in water overnight. This action was made to prepare the seeds for germination and making them more softer and less rigid. The seeds were placed in a bowl and were covered by tin foil. It was set up on the refrigerator to minimize any outside interference that may come to it. After a full night of absorbing the water, the seeds were ready to start the next stage.

It depends on where the toxin is being dumped in/onto that concludes whether my plant is a good or bad bioremediator--making it inconclusive. It may work better when it comes to cleaning up toxins from the water, but not as good as it would on land. I don’t have enough results to confirm my claim(but I have enough to support it), so I'll need to conduct more experiments to actually confirm my claim just so that I am thorough. From the data in the graph in the results section, it showed that the Juncea plant with the toxins in the water actually didn’t die and actually grew, but if you look at my plant with the toxins in the soil it ended up dying on day number 12. This made me think: does the Brassica Juncea be a better option to clean up toxins depending where the toxin is dumped on/into.

Genetic diversity is the variation of heritable characteristics in genetic makeup present in a population of the same species i.e. variation in the nucleotides, genes, chromosomes, or whole genomes of organisms. The species with greater genetic diversity has a chance of long time survival. Knowledge of diversity in a germplasm is very important for the improvement of crop plants through breeding program (Hallauer and Miranda Filho 1988). Assessment of genetic diversity is essential to understand the relationship among and within the landraces, as well as their genetic structure. It is also valuable for setting priorities for genetic conservation, parental selection and as a source of favorable traits.