Corporate Governance And The Global Financial Crisis

Corporate governance in itself has no single definition but common principles which it should follow. For example in 1994 the most agreed term for corporate governance was “the process of supervision and control intended to ensure that the company’s management acts in accordance with the interest of shareholders” (Parkinson, 1994)1. Corporate governance code is not a direct set of rules but a self-regulated framework which businesses choose to follow. This code has continued to change in the past 20 years in accordance with what is happening in the business world. For example the Enron scandal caused reform in corporate governance with the Higgs Report which corrected the issues which were necessary. Although it does not quickly fix problems, it gives a better framework to

1. Does the board comprise a majority of independent directors? Ensuring that a majority of independent directors to monitor the actions of executive directors helps to address the potential for, or perception of, conflict of interest of executive director involvement in board decisions. A good corporate governance structure would encourage the board to regularly assess whether each non-executive director is independent.

The article is written to help readers gain a solid understanding the roles of corporate governance, both inside and outside the company. Its goal is simply to impart information, not make claims or arguments on its own. I will be judging it mainly on the sources gathered, numerous examples and explanations given and the overall effectiveness it possesses in effectively communicating its ideas.

Corporate Governance: It is very important for an organisation to follow rules and regulations. To be a successful company rules and regulations are must to be followed. An analysis of Caltex Australia Ltd. report, there has been proper governance mechanism followed at Caltex for the purpose of ensuring efficient performance levels. There has been a separate corporate governance statement that discloses about the corporate performance levels and governance mechanism as followed by the company. As per the governance statement, it is analysed that there are sound principles and practices that are required to be followed by employees working in the organisation. As for example, corporate governance at Caltex indicates that the employees are required

Governance refers to the system by which organisations are directed and managed. Corporate governance represents the relationship between the board, management and its owners (Foreman 2006). It is not only rules and regulations but also ethical culture within an organisation. Without an ethical and accountable environment, corporate governance is at best, unless, and at worst, a means to future corporate malpractice

1. This article focuses on the Gompers, Ishii, and Metrick (GIM, 2003) study which found that strong shareholder rights lead to higher stock price returns and thus value. This is a great indicator that good governance has a direct effect on the performance of the firm. The article finds that corporate governance has a positive impact on the firm / management / shareholders. However good governance is not always the correct metric of evaluation for firms and boards. The primary finding of the article is from an economic analysis defending the relation between corporate governance and performance. This article examines the relationships among corporate governance / corporate performance / capital structure / and corporate ownership structure. Many of the past studies have taken into consideration only one measure of governance, while this study focused on seven different governance measures. The article also looks at the performance of a firm and the relationship it has with management turnover or disciplinary actions required.

The importance of governance has emerged only after the numerous corporate scandals witnessed globally during the past years. The aftermath of these failures have driven most OECD nations towards continuous reformation of their corporate governance practices. (OECD, 2003)

Ten years ago, corporate governance was still in the concept stage. There wasn’t a lot of information about corporate governance. After some big corporate failure that hit the economy, it has become obvious that corporate governance matters. After the collapse of Enron,Wordcom,..a new regulation was born (Sarbanes Oxley).The law was implement to increase transparency and to promote integrity and accuracy inside the companies.

Corporate Governance is the relationship between the shareholders, directors, and management of a company, as defined by the corporate character, bylaws, formal policies and rule laws. The corporate governance system was designed to help oversee the decisions and best interest of the shareholders. The system should works accordingly: The shareholders elect directors, who in turn hire management to make the daily executive decisions on the owner’s behalf. The company’s board of director’s position is to oversee management and ensure that the shareholders interest is being served. Corporate governance focus is with promoting enterprise, to improve efficiency, and to address disputes of interest which can force upon

In the last decades years, the corporate governance is one of a substance that concern of an increasing of hight profiles corporate disgraces and lack of successful.The definition of Corporate governance can be as the process and structure that use for directing and hanging correctly business and could relate to affair of organization with earliest objective of ensuring its protection, dependability and improve its shareholder value.This mechanism characterizes the partition of power and achievement of accountability, transparency, fairness and honesty between board of directors, management and shareholders and in the same measure of safeguarding the interests of depositors and other stakeholders. Jones and Pollitt (2002) illustrated that corporate governance is the way the company’s board of directors is organised and functions.

Corporate governance applies to every aspect of the organization; it sets parameters for everyday transactions, employee relationships, rights and responsibilities, action plans, internal control, performance measures and corporate disclosure. it is the protocols which are implemented at any organization so that right and responsibilities are clear, no one’s interest is harmed or neglected and in case of a violation or complaint clear rules are present to judge the matter.

Corporate Governance is a buzz word in the business world. It is envisioned to enhance the accountability of a concern and to evade huge disasters before they occur. The concept of corporate governance dived to global attention after the sudden crashes of Enron, World Com, Xerox, Lehman Brothers, Parmalat, Satyam etc. The failure of these colossal business houses horrified the corporate world with their unethical and unlawful operations which affected the employment, finances of national and local government worldwide and international economy. The history of these scandals have forced all the corporates to have substantial and clear record of wealth creation and transparency over a period of time.

Corporate Governance delivers the guidelines as to how the organisation can be directed and controlled (Cadbury, 1992) . The corporate governance role is not concerned with the day to day business of the company, their main duties associated with giving overall direction to the company that can fulfil organisational goals and objectives (Tricker, 1984). Interestingly Walker Review (2009) defined, the role of corporate governance is also to protect and develop the interest of stakeholders by setting up a strategic direction (Walker, 2009)

Corporate governance is a key term to understand and it is increasingly important part of running a successful company. The system has evolved over the years, guided by the challenges and misjudgements of the corporate world.

Corporate Governance refers to the way a corporation is governed. It is the technique by which companies are directed and managed. It means carrying the business as per the stakeholders’ desires. It is actually conducted by the board of Directors and the concerned committees for the company’s stakeholder’s benefit. It is all about balancing individual and societal goals, as well as, economic and social goals. Corporate Governance is the interaction between various participants (shareholders, board of directors, and company’s management) in shaping corporation’s performance and the way it is proceeding towards. The relationship between the owners and the managers in an organization must be healthy and there should be no conflict between the