Discharge Plannin
Discharge planning is a process that aims to improve the coordination of services after discharge from hospital by considering the patient’s needs in the community. It seeks to bridge the gap between hospital and the place to which the patient is discharged, reduce length of stay in hospital, and minimise unplanned readmission to hospital.1
Discharge planning is an established part of hospital care, but the process varies and is not entirely evidenced based. A Cochrane review analysed 11 randomised controlled trials looking at discharge planning in over 5000 patients and failed to show a reduction in mortality among elderly medical patients, lower readmission rates, or a shorter length of hospital stay.1 However, two
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A key aim of discharge planning is to provide good continuity of care to ensure good patient outcomes, hence effective handover to primary care. This is most often achieved through the immediate discharge document.13 Limited data are available on discharge documentation, but recent audits have shown that key facts and data such as follow-up arrangements, new diagnoses, and accurate medication lists are often omitted.14 15 16 The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) has recommended that senior staff should approve every immediate discharge document.13 Box 3 outlines the recommended minimum content for discharge documentation. In complex or unwell patients, contacting the general practitioner, community matron, or specialist nurse before discharge may be necessary to ensure an effective handover. See also the scenario box (Case study part 4).
The Department of Health guidelines suggest that preparation for discharge needs to involve health professionals, family members, social services, and the patient.4
Staff involvement
Increasingly, the process of discharge is coordinated by the discharge coordinator (a new post in health care), who is often recruited from a nursing or social services background. Discharge coordinators provide a single point of contact for all involved in the discharge planning process.4 In some hospitals, however, this planning role may still lie principally with junior members of the
Improving the quality of discharge planning in acute care include addressing the lack of appropriate staff and patient education about appropriate planning for discharge (4). This includes implementing proper discharge teaching regarding signs and symptoms to seek medical attention, management and care of medical equipment, and access to community resources (4, 5). Other challenges are patients with complex comorbidities too difficult to discharge as well as lack of community supports and equipment for newly discharge patients and lack of rehabilitation and nursing home beds (4). Consequently, acute care units are pressured to vacate hospital beds in response to the growing elderly population. Hospital professionals tend to focus discharge teaching and preparation on medical areas such as diet, activity, treatments, and medications (5). Community referrals to appropriate services at the time of hospital discharge does not often happen contributing to poorer patient outcomes and re-hospitalizations
Discharge planning is used to create a plan of care for a patient who is leaving a care setting. An evaluation is done to determine the patient’s continuing care needs once they have left the care facility. When patients are send back home or to a facility that does not require full time nursing care assistance, programs need to be put into place to ensure that the patient is receiving the proper continuation of care post discharge. Proper discharge planning can decrease the chances of a hospital readmit, help in recovery, ensure medications are prescribed and given correctly, and adequately prepare family or caregivers to assume proper post discharge care. According to the Family Caregiver Alliance, “It is important, not only for patients, but family
Discharge Nurse – The recovery nurse brought the patient to the discharge are post recovery. The patient’s mother had still not returned to the hospital. Again there is no formal hand off process to exchange information. The patient was reported to be anxious and crying. A call was received reporting the patient’s father was available in the waiting area. The male was brought to the area and the child was reported to appear comforted by his arrival. Discharge instructions were given and the child was released with the father. There was no reported verification of photo identification. None of the forms in the patients chart identified the father as the contact. There was no verification the male was
This week’s reflection paper focuses practice-based evidence and the operation of the theoretical framework of person-in-environment as each relates to discharge planning at UMPC Mercy Detoxification Unit (UPMC-MDU).
However, that is not always possible because their in-network hospital may not have a bed available. I have to make sure that all the outpatient providers are in-network with the insurance as well otherwise it will not be covered by the insurance and the patient will not be able to afford the cost of care. I thought having a hospitalist and working closely with the Kaiser case manager to address discharge planning needs helped maintain care quality and contain the cost of care. Successful discharge planning that reduces readmissions are high priority issues addressed in the healthcare reform agenda because it affects both quality and cost of care (Weiss et al., 2015). Weiss et al. (2015) also stated that "...hospitalized patients, regardless of risk status or the setting to which they are being discharged, require some
Ineffective discharge teaching often leads to unnecessary admissions to the hospital resulting in negative patient outcomes and decreased patient satisfaction. This negatively impacts the well-being of the patient and creates a financial burden on institutions. As a result, this universal practice issue requires a call to action on the part of the nursing profession. Nurses can proactively assist in assuring incidents of readmission do not occur. Nurses as educators play a critical role in the successful transition of patients from hospital to home. The overall goal of discharge education is to ensure there is an exchange of critical information between the patient and nurse in which plans of care are understood and followed. The research
Preadmission for example, in a nursing home is done by the manager, the patient’s GP or multidisciplinary hospital staff. It is the nurses or receptionist’s job to take the patient’s information and pass it on to the multidisciplinary team. Managers have the job of overviewing the situation. Discharges are granted by the doctor, social worker, occupational therapist or multidisciplinary team. The domestic assistant cleans the room before and after a patient, they also
Standard 16 of the American Nurses Association (ANA) Scope and Standards Practice, directs nurse leaders to advocate not only for patients but for all members of our healthcare community. As a discharge planner, I am in a unique position to advocate not only for patients but for caregivers as well. As part of my responsibilities, I participate in daily multi-disciplinary team rounds. The meetings take place so that all disciplines can openly discuss patient care needs. They provide the perfect opportunity for anyone to bring to light problems or concerns.
The office would need to establish a goal to accommodate all post-discharge patients. When appointments cannot be made then an escalation process to the office manager needs to occur. In order to foster communication with professional partners, an investigation of the system failures. How can the transition to home be improved? The workflow should include a validation step that would entail hand-off communication between hospital rounders and office schedulers. If missteps occur, then the office staff could catch the near misses and call the patient at home. Care coordination among providers on an outpatient basis could be supported by the electronic medical record and having verbal care conferences. Next strategy could involve the hospital completing a call back within twenty-four hours to all patients discharged. This intervention could potentially catch some of the missed opportunities. Another approach involves face to face reinforcement of the patient-centered partnership with H. H. According to Counsil et al. (2012), “patient-centered care plans for complex patients changed the relationships with the health team” (p. 190). The development of this patient directed plan of care and partnership is
Discharge planning is a routine feature of health in many countries. The aim of discharge planning is to reduce hospital length of stay and unplanned readmissions to hospital, to improve the co-ordination of services following discharge from hospital thereby bridging the gap between the hospital and community (S. Shapperd, 2008). The focus of this story is discharge planning that occurs while
There is a problem of avoidable hospital readmission rates for the Medicare and Medicaid populations that lead to adverse consequences not only for the patient, but also the payer and hospital. In order to decrease these avoidable readmission rates it is important to identify processes that can be implemented at the health plan level such as pre-discharge hospital visits by health plan staff, and post-discharge care coordination.
It is essential for nurses to understand which appropriate method and tools should be utilized for an individual and their families when performing discharge teaching in order for the patient education to be successful which in turn will promote proper healthy healing (Bastable, 2014). The purpose of this discussion board is to develop two objectives from my teaching plan and describe the instructional methods that will help Tina with meeting these objectives, identify which evaluation method I will utilize to help determine if the objectives were met and explain why I chose this particular evaluation method for Tina. And further discuss any potential barriers that might be expected and discuss how I plan to address these potential barriers.
Discharge planning and management with an elderly person can become very complicated and should be approached with an open mind and the willingness
Using the seven key principles of the hospital discharge process devised by the Department of Health (DH, 2003), this case study will critically analyse the process of an elderly patient who was discharged from a local acute trust. It begins by providing a definition of discharge planning, before providing a brief biography of the patient, including a rationale of why this patient was selected, details of her past medical history, reason for current admission, any issues raised and details of any care provided. Throughout this case study, in accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) and the Data Protection Act (1998), the patient shall be referred to as Mrs. Blue to maintain anonymity. Although the
Discharge Planning – Patients who require continuing care after release from the hospital are identified and the appropriate services are arranged through participating home care, medical equipment and other providers.