Erikson’s Life Span Development Theories Essay

In this stage, children enter school, and their teacher becomes an important figure in their lives. During this stage, the child’s peer group, such as their classmates, becomes much more significant, and the child begins to feel the need to win approval by displaying typical abilities that society constructs. If the child is encouraged in their initiative attempts, they develop a stronger sense of confidence in their ability to achieve set goals, but if the child is unable to develop the set skill, they begin to feel inferior.

The industry versus inferiority is the fourth stage of this theory, also referred to as the Latency stage and takes place in children from year six to twelve. During this stage, the children are able to learn, create and to accomplish a number of new skills and knowledge. This is also

Then for example stage 5 - which is the adolescence stage, is where identity is discovered through

Erik Erikson is most famously known for his eight stages of human development. As a former student of Freud, Erikson was interested in the going ons of early childhood development and what the outcomes can be. With such an interest came his eight stages, each with a positive outcome and a negative outcome, depending on the environment in which the individual develops. The first five stages are the ones that are dependent a lot on how a parent reacts with their child, considering it covers the first 18 year of life. The first five stages are the ones which will be discussed concerning baby Jude.

M is a 65-year-old female who grew up in the Waikato in a middle-classed family with eight other siblings, M was the third child and the first female born. Not know much about her early childhood, however, M remembers her mother was always in the kitchen cooking or baking, cleaning house, knitting and sewing. M’s mother often slept late most days, sometimes until noon and she was the stricter parent and a sharp temper. The children often did not know how their mother was going to react, sometimes she could be nice, but she had a sharp temper and often used to reprimand the children sharply, so they always watched their behaviour.

The age is from 3-6, children begin to use their power and control over the world, and start their social interactions. The fourth stage has to do with industry vs inferiority. In this stage the child is 6-12 years old, just a little before adolescence. Here the development of competence occurs, teachers and parents help to fully engage a student and help them comprehend the everyday things they are doing. Here they learn to things the right way, and to be consistent about it. Children at this age are becoming more aware of themselves as individuals." They work hard at "being responsible, being good and doing it right." They are now more reasonable to share and cooperate. (Allen and Marotz 2003) we see how they are starting to grow up a little and have some realizations of their intelligence, and

Susan is a sixty-seven year old woman. She worked in human resources for a significant portion of her life, however, in her later middle adult life decided to return to school to study to be a registered nurse (RN). This was tough for Susan considering she was a mother of five—her eldest being in her late twenties and her youngest in elementary school. When asked to reminisce over her life, Susan had numerous interesting stories from her life and shared much wisdom. If one analyzes Susan’s lifespan interview using Erikson’s theory, they will realize that she has always been conquering developmental conflict at each life stage.

Erik Erikson is a famous German-born American psychologist, who developed his own psychoanalytical developmental theory. This developmental theory was aimed to identify the steps a developing human should to pass from infancy to adulthood. Erikson identified eight steps of the psychological development.

Many theories have been written on the subject of human development. Each theory has been further postulated and dissected to include: social, emotional, mental, and biological development. Many theoretical approaches and frameworks have been formulated to offer possible explanations for human behavior. It is paramount for social workers to have a working knowledge of these various theoretical approaches in order to identify and assess their client’s needs effectively. Theories provide basic hypotheses for developmental milestones; however, it is the social worker who must assess where the client is in relation to the theoretical framework, and how each client benefits from applying various theories. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to assess a client in relation to the theoretical framework of Erik Erikson’s theory of development and discuss the strengths and limitations of that theory as it relates to the case.

In this research project several individuals, both parents and children were surveyed and asked various questions to see what their views on morals and values were and if teaching them had an impactful effect on children. With the secondary research conducted the teachings of morals and values will be linked to socialization as well as being looked at through different developmental theories. Many pages in the Individuals and Families, Diverse Perspectives (Holloway, Holloway & Witte, 2010) will be used to help relate the primary research to the secondary research of this project. The ways of socializing children will be mentioned as well as the concept of teaching morals and values to children and how it can be explained through different developmental theories.

People begin to change the priorities of certain aspects in their lives as they age. In late adulthood, people are keeping family and friendships closer than at other times in their lives. Friendships have a great impact in late adulthood mental health (Berk, 2010, p.473). One of the theories that focus in late adulthood is Erikson’s theory of development. It is a theory based on how people develop their identity in a series of stages from infancy to adulthood. The last stage in Erikson’s theory is called ego integrity versus despair. In this final stage, people look back on their past accomplishments in their lives to either accept their satisfaction in the past life or feel regret and despair on the goals they could have accomplished. The ones that succeed in this stage of life are satisfied with their accomplishments and they will feel that they’ve lived a well life. In this stage of life, people will go through different emotions ranging from peacefulness to loneliness. They will have to decide whether or not to rise above the conflicts that come with negative emotions.

From leaning objective 8.9, explains the development of the personality along with social interpersonal skills, and the concept of the self from infancy to adulthood, I wanted to compare the first five stages of Erikson’s theory on development to Ken Wilber’s first five stages of his nine stages, that he calls spaces. The first five stages of Erikson 's theory, which he notes as crisis, are trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, and identity versus role confusion. The first four “personal spaces,” of Wilber 's theory are the archaic, the magical, or egocentric, the mythical, and the rational. Erikson 's theory states that an emotional crisis must be successfully met for normal development. Wilber 's theory is similar in that he uses an example of a multiple story building. If one stage isn 't completely understood, but not mastered, then that floor will end up leaning, and a building like that cannot be sustained for long before its structural integrity is compromised.

The fifth stage, identity versus role confusion, is when adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19 years old look to find things out about themselves that make up who they are. “It is the transition period from childhood to adulthood when people examine the various roles they play and integrate these roles into a perception of self, and identity” (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2016, p.336).

The human development theory that I believe best explains and gives insight into Kate’s reasons for alcoholism is Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial life-span development theory, it explains human development in eight stages and gives us insight into Kate’s ongoing struggle and insight into her problems. A reminder that Erikson makes for all those using his theory is that each one of his stages in human development is not a set-in stone theory, but to be used as a general guide. Erikson’s explains that when one is working through the stages there will be many conflicts and opportunities. Whether, the development is through internal work and gain, external work and gain, or plain losses, environmental forces affect and complicate an otherwise simple pattern of progressive growth (Nugent, p.67). Erikson believes that each crisis depends on the interactions between the individual and the social environment as family and culture construct it. “What is won can later be lost- and re-won” said Erickson, adding that the body is not determined by one thing, but by many things which is great news for Kate. According to his theory, children who do not resolve their first stage of trust vs mistrust will have problems trusting in adulthood and will have negative effects on the dynamics of the next stage. Let’s look at Kates situation, when she was an infant feeling of trust should have been inculcated within her, but since this never occurred mistrust took place in the first year of her life.

The fifth stage occurs during the adolescent stages of life. In this stage, the teenager requires a sense of personal or rather self-identity. If this is successfully accomplished, the teen will then be able to stay true to themselves. If they fail however, a weak sense of self-identity may emerge or rather role confusion may occur. I was bred in a single mother headed house. She worked as a domestic worker and that is one thing she did not want for me. She pushed me to become an educated young girl because when I am educated I would hopefully not end up where she is. I matriculated not knowing what I wanted to do in life to the point that I would struggle in class when essay topics like “Who Am I” would be raised and to my mother it did not matter as long as I was at