For this experiment, these scientists are researching which color hair dyes cause the most damage to hair. The independent variable would be the different color hair dyes. The dependent variable would be the strength of the hair after being dyed.
These scientists first began by researching about the structure of human hair. The hair shaft is where the dying takes place. This is the part of the hair that is seen (above the skin) and is made up of dead cells that turned into keratin. The hair shaft formed of three layers which are the medulla, the cortex, and the cuticle. The medulla is the deepest layer and is only seen in large and thick hairs. The cortex is the middle layer which is responsible for determining the strength, color and texture
The pigment molecules in temporary hair color are large and cannot penetrate the cuticle layer. The color particles remain adsorbed (closely adherent) to the hair shaft and are easily removed with a single shampooing. Temporary hair color can persist on hair that is excessively dry or damaged in a way that allows for migration of the pigment to the interior of the hair shaft
Hair: composed of columns of dead, keratinized cells bound together by extracellular proteins. Hair has two main sections: The shaft- superficial portion that extends out of the skin and the root- portion that penetrates into the dermis. Surrounding the root of the hair is the hair follicle. At the base of the hair follicle is an onion-shaped structure called the bulb Papilla of the hair and the matrix within the bulb
Axons that decussate between the pyramids of the medulla oblongata belong to the ________ tracts.
layers contain a variable distribution of neuronal cells. A normal brain consists of about 86
The outermost layer of the skin is the epidermis and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. The epidermis does not contain any blood vessels and is vastly made up of keratinocytes. These cells secrete a protein called keratin which contributes to the tough feeling of skin and its water resistance. The epidermis also contains melanocytes that are responsible for skin pigmentation and Langerhans cells that work as a part of the immune system to provide an immediate defense if a foreign substance were to come in contact with the skin. There are also Merkel cells in the epidermis that are responsible for sensations such as light touch and slight pressure (Patton & Thibodeau, 2009). Aside from these features, the epidermis is also made up of five distinct layers called strata.
Molecular layer I is, also called plexiform layer, located closest to the pial surface of the brain. This layer has few neuron bodies. It contains many nuclei which belong to glia cells, myelinated fibers and few neurons of granular and horizontal neurons of Cajal.It consists almost all axonal and dendritic branching.
Stratum Granulosum has a different core and is shaped by keratohyalin granules; the proteins inside the granules cause the cells to flatten. As cells go into the following stratum they die.
In the human central nervous system, this role is given to the skull, meninges (three protective layers of connective tissue), and the cerebrospinal fluid.
The first outer most layer is called the Dura mater (Latin – tough mother) lying closest to the skull. The dura mater has large blood vessels that track throughout it, then split into smaller vessels as they continue into the other Meninges. The next meninge would be the Arachnoid mater, which gives the impression of a spider web. This area protects the central nervous system within the skull. The third layer is called the Pia mater, this layer is the closet to the brain. Pia mater is a fibrous material that is firmly attached to the brain and spinal column. The meninges are filled with cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF). The CSF is clear in color and comprised of roughly 125mL of fluid at any given time covering the brain and spinal cord. The CSF is composed of water, protein, cells and sugars, which are vital for the nervous system to function
The epidermis the most superficial layer of integument. It is made of stratified squamous epithelium and has up to five layers. The needle will penetrate all stratum layers including the corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, and basale layers. The epidermis functions to hold in fluid and protect the deeper layers of tissue. Next the needle penetrates the dermis, the intermediate layer of integument. This layer is made up of connective tissues and also contain hair follicles and sweat glands. The deepest layer of integument the needle will pass through is the hypodermis. The hypodermis is made of loose connective tissue that contains adipocytes and collagen (Zimmerman). After passing through the layers of skin the needle will first pass through the extradural space made of fat to cushion the spinal cord. Then it will enter into a portion of the meninges which include the dura mater, then into the arachnoid mater and into the sub arachnoid space where the cerebral spinal fluid is found and will be sampled
Damaged hair looks dry, rough and brittle. If you do not take proper care of your hair, they lose their shine and gloss. Hair get damaged by exposure to pollution, excessive heat, swimming in chlorinated water and due to excessive use of chemical hair products like hair colour, hair spray or strong shampoo and hair conditioner. Frequent hair treatments like ironing, straightening, perming etc. also cause damage to the hair. You can restore the health of your hair with regular hair care and make them healthy and supple. To treat your damaged hair, you don’t need to buy expensive hair care products.There are several options available right in your home that you can use to treat damaged hair.
mostly of keratin, it also consists of layers of flattened scale like dead cells. These shed from the
The outermost coverings are the bony skull (cranium) and the vertebral column; within the cranial cavity and vertebral canal of which are located the brain and spinal cord, respectively. Within these, the brain and spinal cord are surrounded by three connective tissue membranes or coverings – dura mater, arachnoid
That layer of cells forms a barrier between the capillaries and the cells and fluid of the brain.