Mumps And Rubella Research Paper

In the United States we are very fortunate. For the most part we do not live in fear of disease outbreaks from day to day. Our government along with the Centers for Disease Control and Public Health Departments have managed to have adults and children vaccinated and set up recommendations regarding those vaccinations. Despite all that is done our country allows freedoms. One of these freedoms is to not vaccinate your child from communicable diseases due to personal beliefs. With the worlds populations becoming more mobile, that sets your child up for dangerous encounters; because some countries are not as strict on laws regarding vaccinations and some

Measles is an acute infectious disease occurring mostly in children, characterized by catarrhal and febrile symptoms and an eruption of small red spots; rubella. (Measles, dictionary) In the United States, Measles vaccine is given in early childhood. It is recommended that a child receives two doses of the vaccine before the age of 6 years old. First dose is usually given between the ages of 12 months and 15 months of age in the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. The second dose is usually given between the ages of 4 years and 6 years old. (Measles, CDC)

* Collaborating with government and international agencies to reduce mortality and expand measles elimination goals on a global level. ("Vaccines and

There are no symptoms in about 50% of the people infected with the disease. Symptoms that may show up would include: a mild fever, swollen glands, a rash spreading from the face to the body, and aching joints (typically in younger women). (2) (4) The disease is primarily dangerous for a fetus. Rubella can cause birth defects and, in some cases, miscarriage. Coughing or sneezing helps to spread the rubella virus, and even asymptomatic individuals can spread it. It is suggested to get a lot of rest and drink plenty of fluids when you have the disease. It might also be helpful to take pain relievers, including acetaminophen and aspirin, to help with the fevers and inflammation. There are about seven days, starting from the onset of the rash, that people are contagious. They need to be isolated from people who are not immunized, as well as coworkers and students from school. (3) Each defect caused by CRS (congenital rubella syndrome) requires a different treatment, and each treatment is specific for a certain defect. (3) The rubella vaccine is the most common prevention used for rubella. The vaccine has seen widespread use, and it has been preventing outbreaks and birth defects due to CRS for years. Children between the ages of twelve and fifteen usually receive the vaccine as part of their MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine. Once they reach four to six, they receive the

Negative- one negative aspect of the MMR vaccination program is that the MMR vaccine commonly induces side effects. Common side effects include

But the most serious risks, such as severe allergic reactions, are rarer than the diseases vaccines protect against. Other people argue that the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, in particular, might cause autism. The authors refute these ideas by saying that studies have shown that there is no link between the two. Their conclusion is “To counteract the fears and misperceptions associated with vaccine campaigns, the research community and governmental agencies need to be proactive with regard to continued vaccine education, guiding public perception with rigorous scientific research on vaccine safety and emphasizing the importance of vaccination in preventing unwanted and potentially lethal infectious

Just like any other injection, there is the possibility of side effects. Most common among vaccines are swelling at injection site, redness, headaches, and sore throats which are temporary. At only less than 1%, 1 out of 1,000,000, do serious side effects happen

When someone starts to cough, sneeze, or just feel sick in general, they are probably suffering from some sort of infection. Whether it is a small cold or a deadly plague, there is warfare happening down in their immune system to keep the invading virus or bacteria out of their body. Vaccines may provide short-lasting immunity from the disease but the immune system will keep them from ever getting the disease again. The Mumps Virus is one of these harrowing diseases, and the more someone knows about a disease, the less likely they are to contract it.

Data has suggested that the MMR vaccination is not associated with the increased risk of pervasive developmental disorders. No increased risk of autism has been after following the exposure to wild measles as well as vaccinations with monovalent measles, and Urabe or Jeryl-Lynn variants of measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. This fat there is no evidence that points to the onset of autistic symptoms or of regression is actually related to measles, mumps and rubella vaccination. Data does not support the association between MMR and

We have 2 types of immunity that protect us from mumps. Innate immunity our first lines of defense for example like the skin and mucous membranes. When pathogens find its way into our bodies through a cut on the skin or inhaled into the lungs(ie.mumps virus). Some white blood cells (phagocytes) fight pathogens that make it past outer defenses. Some phagocytes include neutrophils our first responders to trauma, these cells can engulf pathogens. Macrophages are also phagocytes that are able to engulf pathogens or infected cells. The other type of immunity is the adaptive an antigen specific response. The main components are two types of lymphocytes, B-cells and T-cells. The B cells produce antibodies that are used to attack intruding viruses

Mumps is a severe viral disease characterized by unilateral or bilateral tenderness or swollen lymph node or other salivary glands. Mumps travels through a person-to-person contact or through direct contact with respiratory drops or saliva from an infected person. Compared to measles and varicella, which can be transmitted through the spread of aerosols, mumps is less infectious and damaging.Mumps has symptoms that cause damage to adult males and

Although it is very important to immunise against this disease, the vaccine does have side-effects, and no vaccine is completely safe. The Measles vaccine is given as part of the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps and rubella. The common and less severe side effects are; fever; mild rash; temporary pain or stiffness of joints,

The Mumps virus seems to have been around since ancient times. Research says that the virus has been documented or recorded by the Hippocrates in 5th century BCE (Mumps Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases). We give credit to Johnson and Goodpasture for helping determine how the virus is spread. This particular virus has been and still is known worldwide but became a reportable disease in the United States in 1968. The history behind the Mumps is not very detailed but today we are able to prevent this disease here in the US.

In 1963 the Noble Peace Prize winning virologist John F. Enders finally licensed his vaccine for measles. Prior to this vaccine the United States alone reported 4 million cases of the measles each year. With more scientific discoveries the measles vaccine today has evolved to include immunity against rubella and mumps along with protecting millions against illness each year. However, vaccination is a word surrounded by controversy in today’s parenting world and the Measles Mumps and Rubella vaccine (MMR) can be distinguished as possibly the most controversial vaccine of our time. Controversial because of the fear that many have that it causes autism along with other hazards. This fear has clouded

As time progressed, scientific innovations have led to the development of vaccines for various types of infectious diseases. Diseases that were once feared by the American public such as smallpox, whooping cough, and polio have now become rare. Smallpox has even been eradicated with the last naturally occurring case presenting itself in 1980. Vaccines were once welcomed with open arms by the citizens of the United States, but that all changed in the late 1990s when Dr. Andrew Wakefield and his collegues published a report the linked the MMR vaccine to autism. The MMR (measles, mumps, and rubuella) vaccine is usually administered to children 12 months and