The statement in this question is “Consideration is the concept of legal value in connection with contracts. It is anything of value promised to another when making a contract. However, “past consideration is not considered a good consideration”. Please illustrate your answer with reference to 3 articles and case laws.” Consideration can be classified as one party expect to get benefit from other according to the act performed by parties with a contractual deal. The benefit can be something valuable such as product or service and not only the money. It can be divided into 3 type of consideration which is executed, executor and past consideration. Executed consideration defined as when the promise carried out and thus the act has been carried …show more content…
Past consideration refer to an act performed by one party as voluntarily and didn’t required the benefit, after that the other party make a promise. This can be said as past consideration. For example, Siti break her leg, Jan sees and rushes to her aid. Jan nurses her back to health then Siti promises to pay Jan. In the article “Consideration - in Acceptance of Contract”, this support Robert’s (2015) evidence that if an act is performed then a subsequent promise to pay by reference to that act is not enforceable as the consideration was past. Other that, he also noted that if there was an implication; the past promise to pay is enforceable. Under English Law, past consideration must not be recognised as a consideration. Past consideration regarded as gratuitous because the act done before a promise was made. For example, Ali help Abu to do the assignment, after finished the assignment, Abu promises to give Ali £5. Ali cannot take the money because this is past. However, if the parties who involved are understood that would be paid when something done in the business context and thus past consideration is
In the case of Kim v. Son, I believe common law is the applicable source of law. The idea of consideration in regard to contract law is a result of common law principles. The UCC would not apply because there were no goods involved, only money. Furthermore, since the judge ruled that there was no valid contract to begin with, due to the absence of consideration, there were no goods,
Consideration is a promise or performance that the promisor demands as the price of the promise. Past consideration is something that has been performed in the past and which, therefore, cannot be consideration for a promise made in the present. Promises made to another based on moral obligation lack consideration and are not enforceable. Services performed by one family member on behalf of another family member are presumed to have been rendered in obedience to a moral obligation without expectation of consideration. An example of past and moral consideration would be the hypothetical we are discussing. A binding contract does not exist between Gerwin and Baker because the element of consideration is missing. The consideration for Gerwin's
However, consideration is a concept that has no real equivalent in French contract law. According to the Common Law systems, a promise is only biding when there is something in return.
The two elements that make up adequate consideration are legally sufficient value and bargain-for-exchange. Legal value is when something valuable must be given to the person that performed a performance and example of this would be if someone offered me two hundred dollars to fix their car. Bargained-for-exchange is an example of this is if I mow my lawn and my land lords lawn very often then we could agree on that I don’t have to pay for rent for that month.
(ii) In the context of the law of contract, consideration is meant by “the price of the other persons promise”. The law enforces bargains, not bare promises. A bare promise is unenforceable, unless bought by some consideration provided by the other party.
If the price paid for a promise was paid by the promisee before the promise was made it is insufficient consideration. Josh and Breakout skincare formed a contract when Josh first purchased a 6- month supply of the product from the company to which they promised that “Breakout skincare is guaranteed to work on teenage skin, if this does not happen we will refund the purchase price and pay you $100.00”, however this was not the case. If Josh can establish that there was a promise made in the advertisement to which he accepted the offer from the company, then the new promise only made a month earlier, advertising that the company was cancelling all previous offers, would not constitute consideration for a new promise, Roscorla v Thomas (1842).
Consideration is a contract where the terms are mutually traded among the two parties. The contract could be used to require a party to perform certain acts, or be used to refrain a party from committing certain acts. For example, I am driving a vehicle and a car drives up behind me and slams into my vehicle. The driver of the car understands that he is fully at fault, but does not have enough money to pay for the damages. Instead of filing a lawsuit against him, I decide to sign a contract that gives the driver of the vehicle who damaged my car 60 days to pay for the damage, and on top of that a fee for not being able to pay right away. In the contract it states that I will not file a lawsuit until the 60 days are over, but after the 60
A contract is an agreement of obligations which are enforced by the law, there are four elements of creating a contract (offer, consideration, intention to create legal relations and acceptance) what is an offer? In contract law, an offer is an assurance in receiving, performance by another party. An offer can also be terminated under some conditions, there must be an objective of intent by the offeror which is the person who offers the contract, and then the offeree will induce the contract and accept if happy with the terms, the offeree is the person who accepts the offeror. An offer must be clear and must not be vague. What is consideration in contract law? Consideration is an important part for the formation of the contract a
The doctrine of consideration requires two elements to be satisfied: benefit/detriment and bargain. Firstly, Kelvin is obliged to install the required fridge on-time at Brie’s cheese shop, which assists Brie in the operation of her business. In return for the promise to satisfy quid pro quo, Kelvin receives the benefit of $15,000 in the sum of money paid by Brie. The above two elements constitute sufficient consideration.
A contract is supported by consideration. Consideration is the price asked by the offeror in exchange for their promise. A swap of something of value for something of value. This scenario shows that consideration occurs when Karan decides to sell her television for $1 500 to her cousin in exchange for Karan 's cousin caring for her kids on Saturday nights.
A promise is enforceable by the law if it comprised the two bases to be considered legally recognized – reliance and consideration. Reliance is deemed as “an alternative basis for enforcing promises” (Maggs, p. 13). On the other hand, consideration is defined “for a promise as something – a performance or another promise – given in exchange for the promise as a part of a bargain” (Maggs, p. 13). There are basically four requirements that characterize a consideration: there should be a return promise or performance bargained; the return promise or performance is agreed due to the promisor’s request in exchange for the promisee’s request; performance may be in the form of forbearance, act, or destruction, modification, creation of legal relation; and the return promise or performance may be granted to another person or to the same promisor and may be granted by another person or the same promisee. Given these characteristics, consideration is often referred as “the bargain
Sir Frederick Pollock gave a definition to consideration as “An act or forbearance of one party, or the promise thereof, is the price at which the promise of another is bought, and the promise thus given for value is enforceable.” This definition was confirmed in the case of Dunlop v. Selfridge .
- Consideration must be promised or provided before the agreement is finally made. An act or promise happened after the agreement is called past consideration and is invalid consideration .
An offer refers to the contract shows a promise and the willingness people enter into a bargain. The offeror is offering on a certain term and the invitation accepts by offeree (Corbin Arthur, 1917). Besides, acceptance is based on the performance of the willingness offeree invited to be bound by a term of a contract. Once the offeree have the intention and accepted on the terms of contract, communication must be made by the offeree on his acceptance to the offeror (lawschoolhelp.com and Craig A. Smith, 2015). For example, Ali accepts an offer of employment and he agree to work based on the wages offered after communicated with the company. Next, an exchange promise contract is known as consideration. It concerned on bargain contract which benefits of suffers by both offeror and offeree. There must be something value terms in the consideration such as in the case of Thomas v Thomas (1842) which is the desire of John Thomas’s wife to have the house or 100 pounds after his death (e-law resource). Other than that, capacity defined that all parties must be qualified in a binding contract. The parties must be at
Consideration is the next element of a contract. It is something of value that is exchanged between the parties involved in the contract in the form of money or promise to do something or perform. In order to qualify as consideration, it must be bargained-for and legally sufficient. In this case, Stan (promisor) offers Jim and Laura (promisee) to hold the vehicle with a deposit of $100, Jim and Laura accepts, the $100 is the consideration (value) for the hold of the vehicle (performance). The consideration meets both qualifications because there is not a legal obligation already in place for the offer and it was bargained-for by the exchange of promise and something of value.