From a jurisdictional standpoint, the most egregious error on the part of the court was the prosecutions failure to charge the defendants with piracy in the indictment. Since the commissioners established the court, and drew their authority to try the accused, from the Piracy Act of 1700, this oversight threw the legitimacy of the entire proceedings into question. The fact that the men standing before them were pirates seemed so certain to the commissioners, they did not bother to charge them with the crime. But failing to charge them with piracy prohibited them from deriving their authority from the commissions established under the William III statute which was exclusive in nature. The court had no jurisdiction to try anyone for any crime, a fact that became apparent to them at some point during the month long individual hearings. On April 19th, following the conclusion of two trials, and 165 separated investigatory sessions, the court charged John Jessop with “Piracy and Robbery upon the High Seas.” Jessop had already been found guilty of unlawful resistance and attack of an HMS vessel …show more content…
As is hopefully apparent by now, the common element of piracy trials throughout the era was the uniform desire to convict harshly regardless of circumstance. All of the ingredients existed for rampant cases of wrongful convictions on par with Kidd and Green, but with the exception of the six fisherman hanged for sharing a drink with John Rackam, they didn’t occur in the vice-Admiralty courts after the Quelch hearings. How is it that pirate hunters always captured the true sea thieves? Or another way of asking the question, where did all the privateers go? Analyzing the answers to these inquiries is crucial to understanding how the evolution of piracy reduced the ambiguity that plagued seventeenth-century piracy trials and eliminated the uncertainty that existed between legal privateers from
The following paper, through the mind and words of a fictionalized character, examines the crucial issues and various changes the imperial relationship between Great Britain and its North American colonies underwent in the mid-to-late eighteenth century. Drawing upon various historical events and enactments, the story of Gerald Gardner, a Bostonian merchant, will try to synthesize these events and provide a reflection upon the American Revolution from the point-of-view of those who shared his line of work. While the following opinions expressed display the feelings and attitudes of one man, the same cannot be applied historically to all of the merchant class. The characters and
During the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries, piracy was rampant in the Atlantic, specifically in the West Indies. Piracy has existed since the earliest days of ocean travel, for a range of personal and economic reasons. However, one of the major reasons why piracy was wide spread and rampant in the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries was Great Britain’s endorsement and usage of piracy as an asset; in wars fought in the New World. Great Britain with its expanding power and conflicts with other nations would make piracy a lifestyle and lay down the foundation for the Golden Age of Piracy and eventually bring what it created to a screeching halt.
Slave trade had been outlawed in the United States colonies for almost 30 years and in Spain for 19. Feeling something was wrong with the stories surrounding this vessel, Mr. Hollabird ordered a judicial hearing. The call for the hearing was not out of concern for the Africans, but, Mr. Hollabird, as a representative of the law, had to follow legal procedures of an investigation. The matter of murder, piracy, salvage rights and more sent this case to trial, and the Africans were placed in detainment under the custody of the US Marshall. The case appeared before Judge Andrew Judson.
Whether you are referring to early Israel in the Bible, the transatlantic trade during the 1600s, modern times, slavery has found a way to rear its ugly head in one way or another. It would appear that a person being a chattel to another person, as Merriam-Webster defines slavery, has been around for practically an eternity. Not only has it been –and still is –present, but slavery has been worldwide. No matter what type of slavery –forced labor, debt labor, sex slavery, or child slavery- the topic has proven to be very controversial in history. For American history in particular, slavery is one reason the Civil War began in 1861. In addition to the Civil War, multiple court cases have risen from this culture of forced labor. Cases like
The main question surrounding the John Quelch controversy was whether he and his crew committed an act of piracy or privateering during their voyage across the Atlantic. Historian Mark Peterson specifies that while Quelch was leading a crew of privateers, they had attacked Portuguese merchant ships at some point after Britain had signed a peace treaty with Portugal, thereby making these attacks count as acting against the King’s will (John Quelch video). Consequently, Quelch and his comrades were executed for committing such a treasonous act, but based on the evidence (or rather, lack of evidence) relating to their crimes, that punishment might have been too harsh for this particular group of merchants.
The Board of Trade’s solution to this serious impediment was to send George Larkin to the colonies in the spring of 1700 to instruct colonial officials in civil law and the proper procedures relating to piracy trials. This whirlwind tour sent Larkin to nine colonies, where he spent roughly two weeks in each colony giving a crash course to unprepared, and at times, unwilling recipients. He skipped the proprietary colonies completely. In Massachusetts, no high ranking official was present for Larkin’s training, and those that did show up proved highly resistant to accepting civil law procedures in their courts. Bermuda’s Governor
Then Herrings continue with a second chapter from 1789 - 1801 a short period but it was titled "None who can make us afraid" but some of the most importance during this period was about the Barbarian Parates most of these pirates were from North Africa states as Algiers, Morocco, and Tripoli and Tunis they were demanding tribute, plundering ships even ensalving foreign salilors, but where would we stand here as a British Colony we had protection, but after the revolution war we were in our own so now it was more easily to get attacked by pirates so first the U.S. decided to paid the pirates monthly for them not to attacked, so when we were by our selves we could not make no economy we were just surving by trading so we had to make as deal we had to work with Foreign
The brand of justice pirates toward vessels they captured was something I found fascinating. For example, on page 88, the incident involving the capture of Captain Snelgraves vessel by the pirate Thomas Cocklyn. Initially Snelgrave resisted Cocklyns takeover so as Cocklyns crew overpowers Snelgraves and is taken by the pirates. Certain that Snelgrave will be killed or beaten for resisting, Snelgraves crew comes to their captains defense thus Cocklyn sparring the respected captains life. Because of the degree of respect Snelgraves had, Cocklyn not often seeing a government captain holding such admiration from a crew offered him a new ship and profits from a captured slave ship for his return to England. This story really caught my attention because of the level of hospitality pirates show to a captain who held such respect with his own crew.
“After the 1890 season, the Pittsburgh Alleghenys signed several players from rival American Association teams- including the Philadelphia Athletics star second baseman Lou Bierbauer. The Philadelphia team loudly protested the move, complaining to league officials that the Alleghenys’ actions were “piratical.” The Alleghenys made sport of being denounced for being “piratical” by renaming themselves the Pirates for the 1891 season.” Pirates have had a strong presence throughout the ages; their presence has often garnered acknowledgment from governments- both foreign and domestic. For the most part, pirates are more real than ninjas based upon their presence and the acknowledgment of their existence by governments throughout history.
Under The Black Flag , a book written by David Cordingly expressed the reality and myths behind piracy. He clearly states in the introduction of the book that his aim “is to examine the popular image of pirates today, to find out where this image came from, and to compare it with the real world of the pirates” (Cordingly xiv). Along with his aim his thesis is also stated in the introduction of his book, which essentially states that the views by everyday people of pirates consists of a mixture of facts, and many other things such as romantic novels and films. He successfully informs readers of the history behind many important misconceptions of common beliefs. Although some of the things every person has learned about a pirate growing up may
While colonial governors and councils objected to the shipping of felons, repeated passage of legislation for ending the process or for placing taxes or other restrictions on transportation were overturned by the Board of Trade or other agents of the king, especially after 1718’s act of transportation. The 1718 arrangement with Jonathan Forward, the first merchant to receive a contract with the British treasury to ship convicts to America, was too profitable for the British government to allow American colonies to put a stop to the
There were many interesting historical elements in the book “Thomas Jefferson and the Tripoli Pirates” concerning Thomas Jefferson and the barbaric pirates. Not only that, but overall the book was very well written. The main author that wrote “Thomas Jefferson and the Tripoli Pirates” was Brian Kilmeade, with the help of Don Yaeger. Brian Kilmeade was born in May 7, 1964 and graduated from C.W. Post in Long Island, New York in 1968. He started his career in journalism as a self employed sports anchor and covered the New York Metrostars soccer team. He is also the author of “The Games Do Count: America’s Best and Brightest on the Power of Sports”, “It’s How You Play the Game”, “George Washington’s Secret Six: The Spy Ring That Saved The
Marcus Rediker’s main point is the Atlantic Pirates were a group of highly intelligent people that unfortunately were forced to a criminal life because it was their only means to Survive. They were intelligent in the reason of choosing to attack the America colonies, but also in the way the pirates made their own governing structure. According to Dr. Rediker “a compact drawn up at the beginning of a voyage or upon election of a new captain, and agreed to by the crew. By these articles crews allocated authority, distributed plunder, and enforced discipline. These arrangements made the captain the creature of his crew”.(Rediker 209). These pirates knew that they had recently escaped a system of oppression that had done them wrong in many ways. This is why they made a system where everyone counted and where everyone got what they deserved. In a way they kept each other on check. An example of this today would be friend making sure another friend doesn’t cheat on his
During the period of 1450 to 1700, Europe flourished economically, leaving a growing population craving access to lush Asian goods. However, with the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottoman Empire assumed control over the coveted trade routes, creating obstacles for European merchants who neither had goods to offer or shared a common religion with such folk. These hurdles, along with the religious zeal of Christian missionaries and curiosity of European mariners led Western Europe to look elsewhere, specifically the Atlantic, for new trade routes. Although the hypothetical “Northwest Passage” was never found, Atlantic trade, more commonly known as the Columbian Exchange, boomed. With its primary commerce in slaves, silver, and spices, this
.Gacy was caught because of trace evidence found on college rings in his house. After tracing missing 15 year old Robert Piest to John Gacy, the Des Plaine place were able to receive a search warrant because of Gacys previous sodomy conviction. When they searched the house, they collected driver's license and college rings. The detectives also noticed a strong, strange odor coming from beneath his house. Forensic evidence on the ring traced it to missing teenager John Slye. After getting a second search warrant they did a more meticulous search on the craw space under his house. They found 27 bodies of young boys and men. There wasn't a profile of Gacy, it was a lucky break. The Des Plaines Police Department had no knowledge of Gacys crimes.