Protective Environment And A Nurturing Environment

They must feel safe in the home , school , and in the community . Helping the child feel as if they can trust her parents , teachers , and other adults in her community . A nurturing environment is when the parent is activiely attentive to their child's physical and emotional needs , being able to trust their family to care for them and to love them.

Child abuse is an issue within society that effects the lives of not only the victims but also the lives of many people in the social order. Child abuse is any mistreatment or neglect of a child that results in non-accidental injury or harm and which cannot be logically explained. There are several forms of abuse and neglect and many state governments have developed their own legal description of what constitutes child maltreatment for the purposes of removing a child and prosecuting a criminal charge. Child abuse consists of different forms of harm including physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect.

          There are many different types of child abuse. There is maltreatment and sexual abuse. Maltreatment is an area that encompasses many different things, such as physical abuse, child neglect, and emotional abuse. Physical abuse may begin with “shaken – baby syndrome” and

Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is the leading cause of death in abused children. More than 4 out of every 10 of these deaths are seen in children who did not reach their first birthday. Also commonly referred to as abusive head trauma, SBS is the consequence of an infant being violently shaken with resultant neurological damage. This damage causes a sequence of events in the brain, starting with hypoxia, which leads to cerebral edema and an increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The increase in ICP leads to ischemia and a decrease in the cerebral perfusion pressure, which has devastating consequences.

Shaken Infant Syndrome (also known as Shaken Baby Syndrome, SBS) is a relatively new term in the medical world. Simply put, it is the collective name of the symptoms produced when an infant is shaken violently or has sustained some type of head trauma. Any type of trauma to the head or cranial region results in some negative response to the body’s homeostatic system, in an infant or child this is especially true. An infant or child’s skull is disproportionately larger than that of a fully developed adult. This usually results in a higher susceptibility to head and neck injury.

Statistics show that over half of infant deaths related to child abuse is caused by abusive head trauma or shaken baby syndrome. The effects of shaking a baby are serious and may lead to the death of an infant, studies show that an estimated amount of children who suffer from this is about 1,000 - 3,000 infants and toddlers. Every day one in four victims of SBS die from this abuse and 80% of the survivors suffer from permanent damages. Shaken baby syndrome or SBS has been around for hundreds of years, it happens when someone shakes an infant out of anger or frustration, this normally happens when the infant won’t stop crying. Infants have small brains and very weak neck muscles so when you shake a baby, you are making the brain bounce back and forth, hitting the interior of the skull causing either bruising, bleeding, swelling or all of the above to the brain.

Physical Abuse is action taking in a continuous, pervasive, extreme manner, and if it is done intentionally to harm a child. Emotional/Mental Abuse is considered a pattern of behavior that can seriously interfere with a child’s positive development. Sexual Abuse is defined as any misuse of a child for sexual pleasure or instant gratification of an adult (“What is Child

SBS, which is also known as inflicted traumatic brain injury, is a serious brain injury resulting from forcefully shaking an infant or a toddler. The injury is caused by holding the infant at the thorax and violently shaking the child, with or without contact between the child’s head and a hard surface. Such contact can result in severe head trauma, which includes subdural hematoma, diffuse axonal injury and retinal haemorrhage (Barr et al., 2009).

Types of abuse include neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional, educational and medical abuse. National percentage rates for children experiencing these types of abuse are as follows; 37 percent of neglect, 44 percent of physical abuse, 27 percent of sexual abuse, and 10 percent of other abuse (National Children’s Alliance, 2016). Risk factors of child abuse include poverty, lack of education, marital problems, moving homes, violence between other family members, lack of support, social isolation, unemployment, and inadequate housing (Homeland Security, 2016).

Neglect and abuse are forms of mistreating a child. When a person causes harm to a child or fails to act to prevent harm this is abuse. Children are abused rerly by a stranger, but is possible. Usually children are abuse by somebody they know or a family member. A child is considered to be abused, or at risk of abuse when their basic needs are not being met through avoidable acts of either commission or omission by parents or

Abuse is classified in four categories: neglect, physical, sexual, and emotional. In 2003, Al Ellard, Mary Lou Schilling and Cheryl Geisthardt expressed their view on child abuse in “Preventing Child Abuse in Recreation,” by illustrating neglect as being a continuous failure to provide a child with basic physical and psychological needs such as food, clothing, shelter, health care, education, and supervision (60). Melinda Smith and Jeanne Segal define “Child Abuse and Neglect. Recognizing, Preventing, and Reporting Child Abuse,” physical abuse as giving a child intentional physical injuries, especially if the injuries require medical treatment or, injuries inflicted as a consequence of physical punishment. Abuse can also take place when a parent

Every year over 3 million reports of child abuse are made involving more than 6 million children. The United States has one of the worst records of child abuse losing 4-7 children a day to the abuse. Abuse is when any behavior or action that is used to scare, harm, threaten, control or intimidate another person. Child abuse is a behavior outside the norms of conduct and entails substantial risk of causing physical or emotional harm. There are four main types of child abuse; physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect.

There are four types of child abuse including physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect. Especially, child abuse and neglect is one of the most misunderstood social problem in Australia. Until now, there are a range of cases still keeping silent. But the cases of child abuses tend to be increasing. Child emotional abuse and child neglect is damaging their emotional and physical development. It can have a huge impact on their process of being personality.

Child abuse has been revealed in different manners: physically, emotionally, child neglect and sexually. Today child abuse is very common and causes many problems. Child abuse mostly happens at the victim’s house with his or her own family members. Child abuse has many causes: parents having mental illness, as an experience of violence from family members or stress. Child abuse constitutes of physical or mental injury of the child under circumstances that show that the child health is in danger or at serious risk. Child abuse can be, physically, verbally, mentally, or sexually.

The five subtypes that can be distinguished in this definition are; physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and neglect. Neglect is usually overlooked by many but it refers to the failure to provide for a child’s basic needs, including failure to provide adequate food, shelter, clothing, supervision, hygiene or medical attention. Neglectful behaviours could be physical, emotional, educational or environmental (Child Family Community Australia, 2012).