February 12, 2014
Commercial Real Estate & Investment
Revere Street
Background/ Purpose
Mr. Alexander is a gentleman that is looking to build his investment portfolio through residential real estate. He is looking at investing in a 4-plex in a historical district located within Boston, Massachusetts. The building is located on Revere Street and has a listing price of $350,000. Mr. Alexander is evaluating the possible commitment to understand what he stands to gain from the annual cash flows while at the same time understanding the risks involved. The subject property is located within a historical district and is not yet capable of housing tenants. Property will require significant improvements prior to inhabitation. Client
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The current owner ran out of capital to make the necessary improvements, but left a shell that can be remodeled to Mr. Alexander’s specifications. Our client met with a contractor, who confirmed that it would cost approximately $165,000 to complete the original plans.
The current assessed value of the property is stated at $400,000, however with the improvements to be made by the current owner, there is a projected value of $500,000. However, with Mr. Alexander making the improvements to the property himself, along with the average rents in the area increasing, the value is now projected to be worth $562,500 a 12.5% increase.
Issues/ Weaknesses
Mr. Alexander is new to the property management arena and has no experience with multi-family dwellings. Due to our clients limited capital he cannot afford to hire a property manager. Because Mr. Alexander will also be working his normal full-time job, and doing the property management as a ‘side-job’ the ability to manage multiple subcontractors will be highly inefficient and could lead to disgruntled tenants and higher vacancy rates.
Also, the client will be extinguishing his savings with the purchase of this property and would not have the funds necessary to facilitate a major fix to the building, given that occurrence (ie., roof, HVAC, etc.). A reserve of 5% of the buildings value is the industry standard.
Opportunities
This specific property provides our customer with an affordable beginner
Ann Petry’s novel The Street (1946) is a commentary on the social injustices that confronted the protagonist Lutie Johnson. Lutie is a single African American mother who lives in segregated America during the 1940’s. Throughout the novel, we see that during this time period Lutie is confronted by racism, sexism, and classism on a daily basis while in her pursuit of the American Dream for herself and her son Bub. Lutie is convinced that if she follows the example of Benjamin Franklin, by working hard and saving wisely, she will be able to achieve the dream of being financially independent and therefore be able to move out from the Street in which she is confined to. Benjamin Franklin is embodied in the text through the character Junto. It is Junto that is supposed to get Lutie closer towards her dream. However, Junto, through his secret manipulations tries to possess Lutie sexually, ultimately leading Lutie towards her path of destruction and she ends up committing the murder of Junto’s henchman, Boots. Junto represents the writer Petry’s deep disillusionment with this cultural myth of the so-called American dream. In Richard Wright’s novel Native Son (1940), The protagonist Bigger Thomas, is a 20-year-old African American youth who grew up in segregated America during the 1930s. Throughout this novel, we see Bigger also striving towards the pursuit of the American Dream. Bigger risks everything to not compromise his pursuit towards success. Unfortunately, he ends up falling
Geraldine Smith, a mortgage officer at one saving bank, found Alexander’s rental figures $9,600 higher than those originally submitted by the present owner and offered him a $400,000 mortgage for a 20-year period at 8% interest rate with no prepayment penalties.
The break-even analysis helps us understand the minimum operating levels of the property before the bottomline is affected. The break-even occupancy is sustainable according to the estimated rates. Alison Green has the lowest break-even point at 64.84%. Ivy Terrace, the other apartment building, is 67.07%. Stony Walk and the Fowler Building, the two office complexes, are at 76% and 85.92%, respectively. This puts the highest risk of uncertainty and their effect on the returns to the office buildings. The cash flow projects for the 10 year holding period helps us understand the IRR and NPV of the project. When looking at the IRR we have to keep in mind that it assumes the cash flows will be re-invested at the IRR. Interest rates fluctuate over time, so this is an unrealistic assumption. Thus, the NPV analysis is the best projection for these properties. Page | 6
2. Architect paid $250K and has completed an unknown, but small amount of renovation work so far. He has not invested anywhere near $150K into renovations
Guberman presented the idea of selling the apartments as condominiums, netting $200,000 after sales and closing costs. There is also the matter of placing a dollar value on Alexander’s time, whether his money could be better used in a different manner, and whether Alexander would be able to keep his current job as his priority.
How realistic is it to negotiate a rental guarantee with developers to be at 93% occupancy rate?
In Exhibit 2 we find the first-year project setups. This is important information because we can see how much each real estate property will cost in the first year. This information is also useful in setting up the projected cash flow analysis for each of the four properties. Alison Green had the greatest before tax cash flow with $434,306.53, Ivy Terrace came in second with before tax cash flows of 336,130.99, 900 Stony Walk came in third
In this paper, I plan to first describe the “Code of the Street” which is a term coined and a book written by Elijah Anderson. I would also summarize and describe two journal articles that test Anderson’s idea of the “Code of the Street” for a more definite explanation. I will tell how the two articles that I have chosen relates to some of the concepts that Anderson talked about in the book. I will then define general strain theory and social learning or differential association theory. Lastly, I will explain how general strain theory and social learning theory or differential association theory explain some of the behaviors that were seen by the individuals in the book published by Anderson. I will point out some of the individual’s behavior and demonstrate whether it may lead to crime or whether the behavior was learned in any way.
After analysis of Mr. Alexander’s proposal, it is obvious why he should take advantage of a real estate investment opportunity. The experience he would gain coupled with the added income would establish a solid foundation for making more investments in the future. To this end, however, I find Alexander’s plan for the Revere Street property falls short. A major deficiency is that his projections are almost entirely predicated on estimates and assumptions that are neither conservative nor reliable. In a similar vein, Alexander’s “DIY” approach is not only exemplar of naiveté, but also suggestive of many implications that were overlooked in his proposal. And, even more discouraging, a best-case scenario analysis reveals that even without
The historic Sixth Street is in Austin, Texas' entertainment district part of the city's downtown section. This street provides the background for what has made Austin known to residents and visitors worldwide as the "Live Music Capital of the World." Most of the nightlife takes place in the area known as the "West Sixth" which is the stretch running west from Congress Street. Appreciate the Victorian style buildings in this registered historic part of town. The eastern part of Sixth Street between Congress and I-35, affectionately known as the "Dirty Sixth," is where you want to head for all the good bars, clubs, and music venues. The Dirty Sixth is also where many music and film festivals can be found. If you are looking for a non-stop good
The total current Assessed value is $850,000. During this time, Denver is on a growing trend and projected to continue. In the local area, new housing, new neighborhoods, new malls, and even schools are under way or in the planning stages. The Grande property is large and there are plenty of expansion options. The Grande’s have not come up with an asking price, but the local banks have offered to provide a 15-year note for a max of $624,000.
It should be noted that an income approach could have also been used. Using a determined market discount rate of 6% and current year revenue of $3,028,000 at a four year discounted rate, the value would have been $12,040,548. Because adequate market information was available to make a more accurate estimate of the fair value, this is the estimate that was chosen.
According to the calculation of Laflin in year five, NOI is $216,784. At a 10% cap rate the property is worth $2,167,840. My adjusted calculation yields a valuation
some initial work estimating the likely relationship between what tenants would be willing to pay
Moreover, the property developers’ hoarding of residential land is another main cause. Perry (2010) claims that “six major Hong Kong developers are sitting on projects that could provide a total of 42.6 million square of living space when completed, or about 43,000 apartments averaging 1,000 square feet” (¶4). Only the living space under construction owned by the land developers is ample to be resided by 43,000 families after development. This living space may not solve the entire housing problem, but at least ameliorates the situation by a significant extent. Due to hoarded land, the market is in a shortage of land supply. Therefore the prices and rents of flats rise and the property developers earn a tremendous profit. In addition to the postponement of the residential building, in Law of Hong Kong, there is not a perfect and unified regulation of the time range to finish building after purchasing the land, implying that the property developers can thoroughly bridle the market.