1. What was the planned strategy of Level 3 Communications in the late 1990s?
Ans.
To offer low-priced fiber-optic network that covers connections to major cities in the US focusing on the internet traffic for service providers and corporations. The plan starting from gathering funding from investors to build up a high capacity fiber-optic network that linked major cities in the US, then cut prices to attract major users of the networks including corporations, Internet service providers like AOL and traditional telecommunications companies.
2. Why was Level 3 Communications able to raise so much capital?
Ans.
Because the business that Level 3 Communications were entering seemed to be promising in the view of investors.
2.1 A
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4. What have been the emergent strategies of Level 3 over the last few years? How do these emergent strategies fit with Level 3”s original plans?
Ans.
Emergent strategies were used to prevent Level 3 from bankruptcy.
4.1 Additional $500 Million cash were supported by the investors to acquire two software companies namely; Software Spectrum and Corporate Software so that Level 3 could ultimately use its fiber-optic networks to distribute and maintain the software made by companies such as Microsoft on the PCs and Servers as means to reduce cost
4.2 Level 3 consolidate the market by acquiring bankrupt competitor, Genuity at very low price.
4.3 Level 3 expand to offer Voice over Internet Protocol services to consumers and corporations aiming at market dominated by traditional wire line telephone companies.
5. Were any cognitive biases at work at Level 3, other communications companies, and the investment community during 1997-2001? What were those biases ? what were the effects of those biases? How might an entrepreneur like Jim Crowe have avoided them?
Ans.
Yes, there were cognitive biases at Level 3 and other companies as well as the investors during 1997-2001. The biases were…
5.1 The statement in 1996 by Michael O’Dell, the chief scientist at UUNET that internet service had growth of 1000 percent. Later on, in October 1998, there was a study conducted by an internet researcher at AT&T labs; Andrew Odlyzko that the
A quick growing company, gaining well over a couple million subscribers, in the eyes of many Adelphia Communication Corporation seemed to be headed to lead the industry very soon. In what seems to be the early 2000s, this is for Americans, this company and the world things drastically changed due to unethical behavior from some of the company’s top leaders within the organization. What will be revealed in this case study below, many people would not believe that all this happen over the course of a short time and how far people will go to gain what they believe is “success” at any cost.
He analysis conformation bias, hindsight bias, self-serving bias, and other types. When talking about conformation bias McRaney analysis that we have constructed our thoughts and opinions based on information we have accumulated based on our beliefs, while ignoring what the information against other opinions. A form of conformation bias that McRaney uses in page twenty-seven is: When you talk about a movie you haven’t seen in a long time and all of a sudden you are surrounded by information of said movie, you believe that fate is trying to tell you something. In reality conformation bias is occurring. You are have noticed more information about the movie because you have dismissed any other information. We seek out information that only enhances our beliefs and discriminates against the facts. Hindsight bias is relatable because we look at newfound information and speculate that we had already known it all along. Hindsight bias isn’t necessarily good because we have tendency to always wanting to be right, so after learning something new we edit our memories so we seem more factual than what we really are. McRaney states on page thirty-three that studies are the best way to demonstrate hindsight bias for researchers. Researchers can write a false statement in an article and we manufacture this information as our truth. Another form of bias McRaney talked about was self-serving bias. Self-serving bias
In terms of the anchoring bias, regularly revisit of the original decision based on the newly gathered data needs to be set up within the organization. Additionally, the decision maker should avoid the Confirmation Trap in which Bazerman and Moore (2009) argues that people tend to seek information that confirms their expectations and hypotheses. To recognize the bias, Mike Francis could
I will use this in a group setting to use better and more efficient communication with the children in order to increase their social skills and thinking abilities.
Question2. If it is necessary to communicate with another person who does not have good English speaking or comprehension skills, what strategies can you use to communicate
2- Collins, B. (2007, May 8). Tracking Unconscious Bias in Hiring Practices: The Plight of the Rooney Rule." New
On December 16, 2015 I had a private conversation with Officer James Johnson (402) in regards of following proper communication channel with his Supervisor. Officer James informed me at the shift briefing on 12/26/15 at 1900 hrs. that he came 2 hours early approximately 1700 hours because Officer Jason Peterman (404) left at 1630 hrs. And he also stated that the following on 12/27/15 he had to come 2 hours early at 1700 hrs. because Officer Williams Miller (406) wanted to leave early. I, Steven Evans expressed my concerns to the Officer and stated as his immediate Supervisor he should have called me to inform and when ask to by another Officer to come early he should seek an authorization to do so. The Officer understand and stated that he
While Internet Service Providers (ISPs) want to create a tiered approach, saving the faster speeds for their premium customers while charging “heavy band-with users” in order to generate revenue, enhance their systems and build more robust, more advanced networks,
Interpersonal skills are what we use every day to communicate and interact with people. Those who have strong interpersonal skills are usually the ones who are the more successful in their professional life and also their social life as they will be easy to understand and will draw people to them through their body language or by their way of speech. Employers look for people with good interpersonal skills because it will mean they will be able to work with others and be able to communicate with customers or clients.
evidence of studies that dispelled many of the myths about the drug. n118 For example,
Perception biases is demonstrated by Fischer when going from Base Camp to Camp II. Fischer was unfair to the Mountain Madness expedition set because while navigating through the Khumbu Icefall, he decided to turn back to take Kruse back because it was his friend. However, I believe Fischer, being the leader, should have let somebody else return Kruse to the Base Camp. The team could have encounter another error and in that kind of situations, evidently, errors can be deadly. This made Fischer to start feeling
Unconscious bias is prejudices influencing individual thoughts and behaviours, influencing decision-making mainly owing to the judgements about other individuals and situations, without enough information. Unconscious bias affects the recruitment and selection in organisations as individuals or human elements have a significant contribution to the success of these processes (Beattie and Johnson 2012). The objective of recruitment and selection in any organisation is to attract the most potential and capable candidates therefore to select the most suitable applicants for appropriate jobs. Unconscious bias from stereotyping stems mainly from race and gender and has been studied in great detail from manufacturing, technology to the financial, and professional service industries (Collins 2007). However less research has been explored on unconscious bias affecting the recruitment and selection process within the retail fashion industry (Guryan and Charles 2013).
price point than the big 3, the company saw this as the perfect strategy to penetrate the saturated
Level 3 Communications is an American Company incorporated in Delaware that dates back to 1985 and headquartered in Broomfield, Colorado. A major shift in the company took place in 1998 when they set out to shift their business focus and create a company dedicated to the development of a facilities-based, end-to-end communications network optimized to provide IP communication services. ("History," 2015, p. 1) This paper will look at some of the key statistics as they relate to the employees, competition, along with the company’s stock price over price over the past three years. It will also evaluate some key financial ratios and will make an evaluation as to the overall financial health of the company to make a determination if the company will be around long term and would be a good company to invest with.