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Informed decision-making is an important aspect for working in the government. According to Milakovich and Gordon, provide some examples of how information technology can be used to assist bureaucrats in decision-making? The depth and quality of knowledge used by policy makers can influence the effectiveness of policies. According to Milakovich and Gordon, competitive political forces constantly push elected representatives to focus on immediate political decisions, rather than on long term professional-administrative values such as efficient use of resources and increased productivity (p.431). During President Bush’ election he used certain failures of the past administration to enhance his win to presidency as the public trust in the …show more content…

Information theory is the modern theory of organization that views organizations as requiring constant input of information in order to continue functioning systemically and productively; assumes that a lack of information will lead to chaos in organizational operations (p.165). Decision making includes making a choice to alter some existing condition, choosing one course of action in preference to others, expending some amount of organizational assets or individual resources to implement the decision, and acting with the expectation of gaining something desirable (p.194). Things that are important to the decision-making process includes increasing potential gains, monitoring the ongoing decisional process, and reducing the resource expenditure, uncertainty, and risk involved in achieving whatever gains are made (p. 195). Through every carefully thought out decision the government makes on behalf of its citizens there are risks involved. A risk involved in routine decision making is that decision makers may fail to perceive a need to reconsider existing policy or program assumptions on which routine decisions are based (p.195). Milakovich and Gordon state that central to decision making elements is the quality and quantity of information available. Decision makers needs to be informed to serve as a basis for

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