The Hippocampus: The Limbic System

Hippocampus belongs to the limbic system of the brain. In 1960, O'Keefe and Lynn Nadel continued to investigate the functions of hippocampus. The behavioural inhibition theory was defined and justified many questions regarding functions of hippocampus. Eventually their investigations have been published an influential book, “The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map” (O'Keefe et al, 1978). The spatial coding such as spatial memory and navigation is the functions of hippocampus are universally accepted as with the memory theory (Nadel et al, 1975; Moser et al, 2008). Simultaneously full-fledged work was conducted to investigate the functions of the hippocampus related with anxiety. Connections between cerebral cortex and associated areas

The amygdalae (Latin, also corpus amygdaloideum, singular amygdala, from Greek αμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil', listed in the Gray's Anatomy as the nucleus amygdalæ)[1] are almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep within the medial temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans.[2] Shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, the amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system.[3].

Have you ever wondered how the brain works? There are many brain parts.Your brain is your body's control center. Many brain parts help to control your brain. Your brain was one of the first parts of your body to form.

This region mediates motivational behaviors, emotions states, and memory processes. The limbic system also regulates body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system that plays an important role is emotions, learning, and memory. Amygdala also plays an important role in the limbic system, it helps regulates aggression, eating, drinking, and sexual behavior. Another main region in the limbic system is the hypothalamus, it monitors levels of glucose, salt, blood pressure, and hormones. The hypothalamus also helps regulate processes in the body through its connection to the central and autonomic nervous system and

Emotion and memory are actually very closely related. Thus, it is not surprising that the hippocampus is located in the limbic system, which is the emotion system portion of the brain. The limbic system is mainly associated with memory, motivation, and emotions (Memory). The hippocampus itself is located within the temporal lobes, right next to the amygdala. The structure is a horseshoe shaped paired brain structure, where one half of it is located in the left brain hemisphere, while the other half is in the right brain hemisphere (Robson).

The hippocampus collects different bits of information that affect the senses and puts all of it into an event of a memory. In the Working Memory, it quotes, “The hippocampus is where the vast amount of knowledge you have acquired over your lifetime is housed for long-term storage.” Page 6. When the hippocampus collects different information and holds it for use at any time later in life. Said in the Working Memory…, “The PFC is the home of working memory. Located in the front of the brain, the PFC coordinates with other areas of the brain through electrical signals and receives information from those regions so your working memory can make use of it.” Page 6. Partial Frontal lobe is controlled other parts of the brain and sends signals and take in information, so it gets saved in your memory. This is important for long-term memory is used in further or moderately in life. “The amygdala is the brain’s emotional center. When you are experiencing a strong emotion, like fear, your amygdala is activated.” Quoted by the Working Memory…, page

According to Lu and Bludua, the outer layer of the cerebral hemisphere is called the cerebral cortex, which is the outer layer of the brain. Under the cortex is the limbic system, which consists of the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus. In the temporal lobe, the amygdale purpose is to store and process strong feeling such as fear. Behind the amygdala is the hippocampus, which channels making memories and learning into short term memory. Then short term memory converts into long term memory. On the top of the brain stem is the thalamus. The thalamus is the “central processing center of the limbic system” (Lu & Bludau, 2011) which accumulates, processes, and distributes limbic and sensory information to the cerebral cortex. Beneath the thalamus is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis and the body’s equilibrium. To keep the system at a set point, the equilibrium monitors body temperature, blood pressure, body weight, fluid

The hippocampus is part of the limbic system that controls the emotions and autonomic nervous system. The hippocampus controls long-term and short-term memory. It is located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain behind the Amygdala (Hayhurst, 2002). The hippocampus links memory and emotion together,

Finally, the forebrain, located at the front of the brain, allows for complex emotional reactions, cognitive processes, and movement patterns. Withing the forebrain is the thalamus, hypothalamus, and the limbic system. The thalamus is the part of the brain

The brain resides in the cranium, and is a perplex organ of several tissue layers and neural networks (Tang-Schomer, et al., 2014). Some parts of the brain include the cerebral cortex and thalamus, which support cognition and relay signals, respectively. Furthermore, the brain is responsible for both autonomic and somatic bodily mechanisms (OpenStax College, 2013). Considering the diversity of structural functions within the brain, the brain’s overall function is an executive one that controls the nervous system by means of perceiving and communicating electrical signals.

The hippocampus is critically involved in certain kinds of memory. During memory formation, it may operate as an integrated unit, or isolated parts may be responsible for different functions. Recent evidence suggests that the hippocampus is functionally differentiated along its dorsoventral (septotemporal) axis. The cortical and subcortical connections of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus are different, with information derived from the sensory cortices entering mainly in the dorsal two-thirds or three-quarters of the dentate gyrus. Rats can acquire a spatial navigation task if small tissue blocks are spared within this region, but equally large blocks at the ventral end are not capable of supporting spatial learning. In primates, the posterior

Another part of the brain is hypothalamus. It is a quite strong and tiny portion of the brain located below and in front of the thalamus.it regulates emotions and some

The brain is such an amazing organ. The function of the brain is to receive information from other parts of the body, understand the information, and the figure out how to respond to the situation. The brain is responsible for such important things such as memory, body movements, the senses, and pretty much everything else. The average female brain weighs about 2.7lbs, and the average male brain weighs about 3lbs. The brain is also one of the fattest organs in the body. A little fun fact about the brain is that all of the blood vessels, located in just the brain, can stretch out to be 100,000 miles long. The human brain is the largest brain compared to all other living things around the same body size, and it makes up about 2% of the body weight.

The hypothalamus is the part of the brain that regulates body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, sleeping and waking. This part of the brain also controls the pituitary gland and regulates hormones. Damage or loss to the hypothalamus will most likely result in unusual happenings with your hormones.

The forebrain is the largest part of the brain and consists of five areas: the cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia, the limbic system, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus. These areas work together to control perception, memory, and cognitive functions. The forebrain is basically what makes us human as it also deals with controlling emotions, motivation, and learning. (“Brain Atlas”)