The New Model Intelligence Led Approach

Bueermann, J. (n.d.). Being Smart on Crime With Evidence-based Policing. Retrieved April 22, 2017, from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/237723.pdf

While the literature tries to define intelligence-led policing the Queensland Police service makes no attempt to define as it is assumed knowledge that every police offer knows what intelligence-led practices are (Ratclifee 2008). This can then create misinterpretation of actions plans as there is no universal definition by the Queensland police of what intelligence-led policing is. Another major difference is that seen in the literature and the Queensland Police services is the interactions with external partnerships as stated by Ratcliffe (2003, p.3). Within the documentations provided by the Queensland Police Service very few mentioned working with external partnerships on the global issue of intelligence-led policing. Most of the documents focused on inside the Queensland police service while only the Queensland Police Service ICT Resources Strategic Plan 2009–2013 annual report addressed the issue of working with external stakeholders and intergrading them into the intelligence-led policing model (Queensland Police Service

Policing is a very difficult, complex and dynamic field of endeavor that is always evolves as hard lessons teach us what we need to know about what works and what don’t work. There are three different Era’s in America’s policing: The Political Era, The Reform Era, and The Community Problem Solving Era. A lot has changed in the way that policing works over the years in the United States.

Due to these apparent successes, the problem-focused approach has been used to address a diverse array of problems such as gangs, drugs, school crime and the management of police call for service in urban, suburban and even rural communities. The exploration of possible responses to a problem is handled by police officers. Once a problem is identified, officers are expected to work closely with the community members to develop a solution, which can include a wide range of alternatives to arrest. These may focus on the offender, the community, the environment, outside agencies, or the need for some kind of mediation. Problem-oriented policing grew out of twenty years of research into police practices, and differs from traditional policing strategies in many significant ways. For example, problem-oriented policing enables police agencies to be more effective. Currently, police agencies commit most of their time to responding to calls for service. Problem-oriented policing offers a more effective strategy by addressing the

What is intelligence-led policing (ILP)? What strengths and weaknesses have been identified with this model of policing? Support your arguments with examples from police departments/forces using ILP.

A system called “CompStat” was used to track crime reports and other data in an effort to track areas with high crime rates and gang hot spots. Karoliszyn reports that “after patrolling these hot spots for a year, murders had dropped by 60 percent. By 2003, murders were the lowest they had been since 1964” (338). With these statistics, Karoliszyn proves the effectiveness of the system when actually used in the workforce. There is a flaw in his claim. The author only proved the system’s effectiveness in one city, and in one year. As with a great majority of statistics, these numbers could vary either towards or against the system’s value if done in different cities and in different amounts of time. With more data spread across the spectrum, a bigger picture could be seen regarding the reliability of a precognitive policing system.

The Toronto Anti-Violence Intervention Strategy (TAVIS) addresses the problem of criminal street gangs and illegal guns in Toronto. TAVIS aims to reduce gang activity and gun violence in Toronto through targeted policing in some of the 13 priority neighborhoods where crime analysis indicates chronic or an acute escalation in violence (Siciliano, 2010). As an intervention strategy, TAVIS operates on the principle of geographic-specific, intelligence-led policing intelligent-based policing that targets known gang associates engaged in guns and drug activities who are on the verge of committing an offence.

The term “problem solving” in this context implies more than just simply eliminating and preventing crime. It is a concept that assumes that crime can be reduced in an area by studying the characteristics of the problems in that area and then applying the appropriate resources. The theory behind the concept is that underlying conditions create problems, and problems created by these conditions may cause incidents. These incidents will continue as long as the problem that creates them exists. Determining the underlying causes of crime depends, in great part, on an indepth knowledge of community. Thus community partnership will be of great assistance in the problem solving process. Cooperative problem solving also builds trust, and facilitates the exchange of information, and also leads to identifying other areas that can benefit from the mutual attention of the police and community (Gaffigan, 1994).

In 1967, the President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice called for a revolution in the approach to crime. As a result, the commission developed seven specific goals that are relevant in the twenty-first century: prevent crimes, adopt new ways of dealing with offenders, eliminate injustice and unfairness, upgrade personnel, conduct research to find new and effective ways to control crime, appropriate the necessary funds to accomplish the goals, and involve all elements of society in

5). Intelligence is not the information collected; it is the finished production of the collected data after it has been evaluated and analyzed. More often than not, predictive policing is misunderstood. The misunderstanding lies on both over emphasizing its capabilities and under estimating how predictive policing can help make the community a safer place. In addition to the misunderstanding of this practice of policing, it is often a challenge for law enforcement to stay parallel to the crime trend, and patterns. It is argued that instead of working with information collected to anticipate new crimes, policing officers’ preference locations where known crimes have already been committed (Casady, 2011, p. 2). Although effective, this is not an accurate practice of intelligence-led policing, as it does not fully account for future crimes and activities.

One of the most important elements to the success of intelligence-led policing is having the support of the community similar to community policing. First and foremost, law enforcement needed to define “suspicious” activities and behavior and educated communities on this matter(Intelligence-Led, n.d.). This definition would be invaluable because communities would know what information would be valuable for developing intelligence(Intelligence-Led, n.d.). From trying to discover potential terrorist to gang activities, acquiring intelligence

In preparation for my debate on the topics of intelligence-led policing and Compstat policing, I have discovered the many advantages and disadvantages of using intelligence-led policing and Compstat policing. According to Carter & Carter (2009), intelligence-led policing is the collection of and analysis of data relating to crime, used by law enforcement in “developing tactical responses to threats and/or strategic planning related to emerging changing threats” (p. 317). When applied correctly, intelligence-led policing is a tool used for information sharing in identifying threats and developing responses to prevent those threats from reaching fruition (Carter, 2011). One of the advantages of using intelligence-led policing is its incorporation of data analysts. The role of the data analyst in the context of intelligence-led policing allows them to take specially trained analysts to take raw data from information found in reports and translate it into useful information for the officers, allowing the police to deploy resources more effectively and efficiently (Griffiths, 2016). Another advantage is its application through preventative and predictive policing (proactive policing), in which law enforcement take data and identify crucial variables such as terrorism or the emergence of criminal organizations, in hopes of stopping the problem at its roots (Carter, 2011). Terrorism is especially important and emphasized after the 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Centers in

Intelligence-led policing is the new standard of information sharing among law enforcement agencies across the country at all levels. Before intelligence-led policing gained popularity most law enforcement agencies did not freely share information amongst each other, which lead to huge gaps in the functioning of law enforcement agencies. Many believe that this laps in sharing is what lead to the 9/11 disaster. All police agencies must form a cohesive approach to a central system of intelligence gathering and information dissemination. By doing so, they may better achieve a common goal for the unified approach to policing. This process of intelligence-led police may seem like a simple concept, but it involve the many departments working together which can cause confusion and angst among them.

At the core of the process is an examination and review of an organization’s status as revealed

There are multiple approaches to engaging a police force with the community in order to most effectively prevent and respond to crime, and considering the relative strengths and weakness of each of these strategic models will demonstrate how models can impact the operation of daily policing practices and activities. The model under discussion here is called community oriented policing (COP), and focuses on building relationships and rapport between officers and the community in order to more effectively prevent crime. It is augmented by a model called problem solving policing (PSP), and depends upon rank-and-file officers identifying community problem areas through direct observation and analysis. Each model excels at slightly different things, and in practice most police agencies deploy a mix of models. By examining the Miami-Dade Police Department's handbook for school resource officers, it will be possible to view a COP/PSP policy in action in order to better understand how these models practically affect policing.