+0: нн H-C-C-H :Br: но —С —С—Вr. нн H H. +

Q: CH,CH, CH,CH ČHCH, CH,CH,

A:

Q: H;C-0-H H;C-CH, H;C

A: order nucleophile :

Q: D CH=CH,. H* 2) KMuO,. A OH CH CH CHCH, сон a. b. CH,CH, CH,CO,H d.

A: Given reaction is :  The product of the reaction = ?

Q: (d) HCIO + CH;NH2 = CH;NH + CI0 (e) CO + H2O = HCO; + OH (f) CH3COO + H2O = CH;COOH + OH

A: In reaction which release H+ that will be acid and which gain H+ that will be base. Conjugate of…

Q: CH3T CHzI> C CH3 CHy I, A 2. H30* B. Na DH CHECDO OH, E

A:

Q: Oly () CHS CH H,C Br CH CH, H3C e) Co014 H,C

A: IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

Q: 1. Hg(OAc)2, H,O 2. NaBH4 1. Hg(OAc), H,о 2. NaBH4 1. Hg(OAc)2, H,O 2. NaBH4

A:

Q: i 40: Cơ chế của các phản ứng sau [1] CH3MGB 0. [2] H20 [1] BRM9CH,CH2CH,CH [2] H,0

A:

Q: (b) H CH, H H H-C- -С —н Cl, + H H

A: The given reaction is an example of halogenation reaction

Q: H- H H H HH нн H-C-C-0--C–H 2. OH H H-C- -C- H H 3. он _5.

A:

Q: HyC HCI CHy HCI HyC CH CH, HCI HyC CH, CH CH,

A:

Q: HI H,C-0 -CH, `CH2 g. NH H,C H h.

A:

Q: ČH-OH HO-C-H H-C-OH H-C-OH O C-H CH,O- -0- H-C-OH O ČH;O- -0-

A: Lyases: These are the enzymes that catalyzes breaking of a covalent bond without hydrolisis.

Q: H,0 I2 CH;(CH,),CH3 4. H H. CH;(CH,),CH3 H. H,O H H. H.

A: Polar solvents dissolve polar solute and non polar solvents dissolve non polar solute.

Q: CH, CH, Br CI CH,- EI CI ČI CH, CH, (1) (2) (3) CH, CH, CH,Br H- CH CH CH CH CH, CH, (5) CH, (6) (4)…

A:

Q: NaOH, H20 Cl CH2OH ÇO,H ÇO,H ÇO.H C) D) B) A) Cl HO, Cl CH2ONA ČH2OH CH,OH ČO,H

A: ->NaOH is base hence, it can abstract most acidic hydrogen present in the given compound.

Q: CH,CH,CH,CH,CH.CH,OH b CH,CH,CHCH,CH,CH, OH сH, Br CH,C-CCH, 1. OH Br CH, OH CH,CH-CHCH,CH,

A: Alcohol is a important functional group in organic chemistry. It has a hydroxy group (-OH). Alcohols…

Q: a mechanism for each of the following reactions:

A:

Q: 1. LIAIH,, (CH,CH,)0, –10C H. 2. H', H0 1 CH3 [1] CH;CH,0 [2] H20 I [1] CH;S- H H. [2] H20

A:

Q: H,0 H,CrO, CH,NH. H+ NABH,CN он но -H- NABH но -OH HO, CH,OH H,C. HO, Br Br H,CO NaBH, H+ agua CH,OH…

A: H2CrO4 oxidizes secondary alcohol to ketone Ketone undergoes reductive amination with amine in the…

Q: е. CH3. f. OH `CH3 g. H,N-NH H. "ON NO

A:

Q: CH, 1)0, 4) CH, 2) Z HOAC 1. Hg(OAchyTHF-H,0 2. NaBH OH HCN H,0 6) CH 1. BH, THE 2. H,O, OH H,SO,…

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for you. If…

Q: H,SO, i) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH + H;C-H,C-OH 140 OC LOH i1) + SOCI, CH3 Cl, iii) KOH H,0 iv) -CH2-CN H,SO,…

A: It's a multiple part type question.   The given organic reactions are completed below:

Q: I. II. RC-CH₂ +2H₂C=CH₂ - H₂ ?NH: — CH2—NH á nHỌỌC CHỊ COOH for Multiple Choice (CH₂)6 I and II…

A: I) this polymerization is carried out with the help of radical mechanism.

Q: In each equation, label the acids, bases, and conjugate pairs:

A: Lowry Bronsted acid- The substance that donate proton during chemical reaction called as Lowry…

Q: HO CHO но COOH B. HO C CH (1) A но TBDMSO TBDMSO HO (2) H,0 он (11F

A: The lettered reagents (A-G) in the following reaction is:

Q: H3C CH3 H3CH,C С. Br D. CH2CH3 H. CI H3C E F HC CCH2CH=CHCH,CH3

A: Let us start naming one by one all the compounds,according to IUPAC.

Q: |Br_Br H-C-C-H Br Br. a. о он 2 KMпO + ЗН-С-СH-CH + 2КОН +. b. CH:CH=CH-CH3 + + 4H2O _+ 2MNO2 С.

A:

Q: 6. CH3 [0] A FeBr3 Br2 NH3 Cu,180°C NaOH -NaBr D -H,O

A: Electrophilic substitution reaction is favoured at ortho and para positions as methyl group is…

Q: H,0 H,Cro Br2 NaOH H+ CH3 H- он но- -H- HCN H,0 H* но- H- H- -O- он CH,CH,NH, H3C. Br

A: Since, you have multiple subparts questions. So, I will solved first three subparts questions for…

Q: H;CH,CH,C NH2 OH CH,CH3 HOOC OH

A:

Q: OH A NH3 , H* NH2 B ČO,H

A: A->mild oxidation of alcohol carried out by PCC. B->H^+/NH3 give nucleophilic addion reaction.…

Q: H H3C CH,CH3 H. CH,CH3 Но Br H3C Br HO, CO,H F CH,CH3 H- -HO- Но CO,H CH,CH3

A:

Q: Part A 1. CH3O C. OCH3 2. HСI CH;CH,CH

A: Here -OCH3 act as a nucleophile.

Q: H2 SOA O CH3 CH CH CH2OH CM3 HBr O CH,C E CCH, Ha Sod O cu3 CH2 C = C- CHe CHy H20

A:

Q: (a) CH,CH,OH HyC=CH, + H20 (b) CH2=CHCH,CI + H20 CH=CHCH,OH + HCI MgBr CH, (с) CH,CH + -c-OMgBr (d)…

A:

Q: H. H H- -C- -0-H H. H. H CH;CH,OH H CH;CONH, H. H- -N -H CH;CHO H. H. C,H;CH2NH, C6H;COOCH3 H H

A: We have to match the formula with the structure.

Q: Give the IUPAC name for each compound.

A: IUPAC (International union of pure and applied chemistry) has given the method of giving specific…

Q: CH3 H.C OH KMnO4 H₂C CH3 H ->>

A:

Q: Fill in the expected organic substances:

A: The reaction of alkyl halide with hydroxide produces alcohols by SN2 reaction. The alcohol so formed…

Q: H H H H -С -О-С-С-Н НН Н НН Oa CH3 H3C НННН 111 н-с-с-с-с-OH - НННН SH CH3 CH3 Н Н нннно IIII 0…

A:

Q: F. H3C, (а) Br and `F Br "CH3 CH3 H3C H H. (b) F and Br Br CH Br CH3 Br- H. (с) and H3C" F CH3 H. F…

A: -> If configuration are just reversed then they are enantiomer. ->If configuration are same…

Q: H H. CH3 H-ö-H CH3 -H- H- + H30 ..+ H-O H CH3 H. CH3 H. H H.

A: It is unimolecular elimination  reaction (E1) .

Q: H-N-H Nitrogen: 5 е з н@1 е еа: 3 е 8е a) NH3 H b) co,²- c)H,CO

A: Hello. Since the question contains more than 3 sub-parts, the first three sub-parts shall be only…

Q: H,02 H2C=CH-CH2-CH2-CH3 + H-Br H3C CH-CH3 H H,O* C=C + H-OH H H3C CH3 CH2-HC H OH С—С + КMnO, H. H

A: Given, three organic reaction:  Reaction proceeds through free radical substitution mechanism.…

Q: I 1 1 T I Н-с-с-с-с-с-он H H H H CH3-C-O-CH3 | H HHH н-с-с-с-с-о-н H H H H H-C-C H. CH,CH,

A: Organic compounds can be classified based on the type of functional group that is present in the…

Q: 0 CEN | H H HC-C=c-c-c-c-OH | H3C go-de Ha Ho -o-c-c-cooH

A: The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature of organic chemistry is a…

Basics in Organic Reactions Mechanisms

In organic chemistry, the mechanism of an organic reaction is defined as a complete step-by-step explanation of how a reaction of organic compounds happens. A completely detailed mechanism would relate the first structure of the reactants with the last structure of the products and would represent changes in structure and energy all through the reaction step.

Heterolytic Bond Breaking

Heterolytic bond breaking is also known as heterolysis or heterolytic fission or ionic fission.  It is defined as breaking of a covalent bond between two different atoms in which one atom gains both of the shared pair of electrons. The atom that gains both electrons is more electronegative than the other atom in covalent bond. The energy needed for heterolytic fission is called as heterolytic bond dissociation energy.

Polar Aprotic Solvent

Solvents that are chemically polar in nature and are not capable of hydrogen bonding (implying that a hydrogen atom directly linked with an electronegative atom is not found) are referred to as polar aprotic solvents. Some commonly used polar aprotic solvents are acetone, DMF, acetonitrile, DMSO, etc.  

Oxygen Nucleophiles

Oxygen being an electron rich species with a lone pair electron, can act as a good nucleophile. Typically, oxygen nucleophiles can be found in these compounds- water, hydroxides and alcohols. 

Carbon Nucleophiles

We are aware that carbon belongs to group IV and hence does not possess any lone pair of electrons. Implying that neutral carbon is not a nucleophile then how is carbon going to be nucleophilic? The answer to this is that when a carbon atom is attached to a metal (can be seen in the case of organometallic compounds), the metal atom develops a partial positive charge and carbon develops a partial negative charge, hence making carbon nucleophilic.