1. In TCP Fast Retransmit, if we receive three duplicate ACKS after sending out a packet that is not incrementally ACK-ed but before the time-out associated with that packet, we immediately retransmit the packet without waiting for the timeout to occur. Why do we wait for three duplicates instead of just one? 2. A. Explain in your own words how a web cache server installed in an organization works to reduce object download times and costs within the organization. B. Explain how a web cache can determine whether the objects in its data store are stale (e.g., have been changed within their underlying provider web hosts).

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