1.5 Cells without cell walls •Cell wall essential in shape and integrity of the cell •Lysis (Fig 4.32a): Wall Add lysozyme to the cell Lysozyme hydrolizes peptidoglycan at the glycosidic bonds Weakening of cell wall occurs Water enters the cell Cell bursts-lysis a Membrane H₂O enters Fig 4.32 (a) Test the integrity of the cell Lysozyme digests wall H₂O enters ی کی Lysis H₂O enters Low solute solution

1.5 Cells without cell walls •Cell wall essential in shape and integrity of the cell •Lysis (Fig 4.32a): Wall Add lysozyme to the cell Lysozyme hydrolizes peptidoglycan at the glycosidic bonds Weakening of cell wall occurs Water enters the cell Cell bursts-lysis a Membrane H₂O enters Fig 4.32 (a) Test the integrity of the cell Lysozyme digests wall H₂O enters ی کی Lysis H₂O enters Low solute solution

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter5: Membranes And Transport

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK: Place in order the following events of receptor-mediated endocytosis. (1) Clathrin coat disappers....

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Structural and functional features of the lysosomes include I. internal pH is higher than the cytosol to provide an acidic pH for the enzymes II. single membrane with a hydrogen ion pump to maintain an acidic pH III. filled with hydrolytic enzymes that are glycosylated IV. its contents are delivered by clathrin-coated vesicles from the TGN II, III, IV only I, II, III only I, II, III, IV I, II, IV only
10 V ·DDDDDD smooth endoplasmic reticulum lysosome vesicle chloroplast Golgi apparatus mitochondrion rough endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosome nucleolus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. contains chlorophyll, site of photosynthesis 10. contains chromosomes, directs cell's activities contains hydrolytic enzymes membranous network that detoxifies and helps synthesize lipids membranous network that helps synthesize proteins modifies and stores the products of the ER site of cellular respiration and ATP production site of protein synthesis 9. site of ribosomal RNA synthesis small membrane-bound sac within a cell
capable of converting peroxisome hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen destroys engulfed bacteria lysosome main role is metabolism neither lysosome or v digestive interior is acidic lysosome proteins are derived from both lysosome and p v the endoplasmic reticulum >
6:18 < BCH351_Assignment... 6.1. The graph below shows the fluidity of liposomes composed from 4 different phospholipid bilayers. Melting curve 'a' corresponds to a membrane composed of phosphatidate linked with hexadecanoate fatty acids. The melting temperature, Tm, for that membrane is indicated on the graph as a dotted vertical line. At temperatures below the Tm, the membrane becomes more gel-like and much less fluid than above the Tm. Curve b) The compositions of the other 3 liposomes are listed below (numbered 1-3). Match the liposome compositions to the different melting curves (labeled 'b', 'c' and 'd' on the graph). Explain your answers. 1) Phosphatidate composed of octadecanoate fatty acids 2) Phosphatidate composed of hexadecanoate fatty acids + cholesterol 3) Phosphatidate composed of 16:1cA³ fatty acids Curve c) 3 Curve d) Fluidity 5G UC.ll 90% a B Tm Temperature :
Packaging and labeling of proteins done in Golgi apparatus O True False O O
Matching I. Match the terms below with the corresponding subsequent item. a. carboxyl b. cristae a. microfilament d. nuclear pore complex e. rough endoplasmic reticulum f. sulfhydryl g. phosphate h. vacuole i. hydroxyl j. Golgi apparatus k. carbonyl 1. granum m. stroma n. amino o. cell wall 76. thick liquid that surrounds thylakoids 7. –s-H 78. a stack of thylakoids 79. 80. involved in muscle contraction 81. -0-P-O Water is a dominant molecule of living things. Each of these terms is connected to aspects of water. Match the term to the description. I. a. attractive to water molecules. b. movement from a high concentration to low concentration. c. high concentration of solutes. d. creates an electrochemical gradient. e. low concentration of solutes. f. non-polar and unattractive to water. g. movement of water across a membrane. h. same concentration of solutes. 82. hypertonic. 83. isotonic. 84. osmosis
PART B: Vesicular Transport D plasma membrane nuclear envelope C ENDOCYTOSIS endoplasmic reticulum transport vesicles EXOCYTOSIS A В CYTOSOL Golgi apparatus Q-6. Choose from the following terms to label A, B, C, & D. EXTRACELLULAR SPACE [Not all of the terms are used] cis-Golgi, early endosome, late endosome, lysosome, medial cisterna, peroxisome, trans Golgi A: B: C: D:
The image below shows a density gradient centrifugation carried out to separate a mixture of lysosomes, peroxisomes and mitochondria Organelle mixture 60L 1.11 Centrifuge 1.15 2 1.19 1.22 1.25 Which fraction would you take to obtain mitichondria, and why? O Fraction 2 because mitochondria contain haemoglobin. giving them a reddish colour O Fraction 3 because it is the most dense fraction O It is impossible to decide without further testing O Fraction 1 because it is the least dense fraction O Fraction 2, because mitochondria contain haem, giving them a reddish colour Increasing density of sucrose (g/cm³) 3.
Organelle Biochemical Process Importance Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Covalent modification and distribution of synthesized proteins Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Lipid synthesis DNA storage of genetic material Nucleolus site for ribosome synthesis Vesicle Cell-cell Communication and Transport Ribosome a major site for protein synthesis
Link each process with the correct deﬁnition. RECEPTORMEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS PHAGOCYTOSIS PINOCYTOSIS EXOCYTOSIS 1. A cell ingests a large particle, such as a bacterial cell. 2. Receptor proteins embedded in the membrane recognize specific surface characteristics of substances. 3. A transport vesicle inside the cell approaches the plasma membrane of the cell, fuses with it, and releases its contents to the outside of the cell. 4. A vesicle containing whatever molecules are in solution outside the cell bulges inward, pinches off, and enters the cell.
ume left 2:11 A herbivore was poisoned after feeding on the leaves of plant Z. Which organelle in plant Z is most probably involved in the mentioned scenario? O a. Transport vesicle O b. Food vacuole O c. Lysosome O d. Central vacuole O e. Golgi apparatus The hydration shell is usually formed in: An agueous solution with dissolved substances
ONE of the following is true about liposomes? O They are derived from a bilayer sheet. O They form because the cross-sectional area of the head group is similar to that of the acyl side chain O They form because the cross-sectional area of the head group is greater than that of the acyl side chain. O They contain a hollow non-aqueous interior cavity. O They are spherical structures with their hydrophilic regions aggregated in the interior cavity.