2. Below is an example of an image of genomic DNA extracted from whole blood analysed byagarose gel electrophoresis (lanes 4-16). M1 and M2 are molecular weight markers. Using thisimage as reference, discuss how one would determine the integrity of a genomic DNA sampleafter extraction, and what one would expect to observe. Critically evaluate the samplesanalysed here.23KM1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 M2bp2KbpFigure 1: Genomic DNA pattern following 1% agarose gel electrophoresis.1.5K500100

Answered: 2. Below is an example of an image of…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Why is the company Qiagen has more refined DNA extraction steps than a normal Strawberry DNA extraction practical? Summary of Qiagen DNA extraction steps Add ATL buffer and grind with sample. Add 20 microliters of enzyme Proteinase K to degrade protein into a 1.5-2ml microcentrifuge tube. Add 200 microlitres AL lysis buffer, and mix by vortexing for 5–10 seconds, which breaks cell membrane allowing DNA to be released. Incubate the sample at 56 degrees for 10 minutes. Mix the cell lysate with 200 microlitres ethanol by pipetting it at the side of the microcentrifuge wall so DNA precipitates. The DNA forms a white layer and the remaining liquid is discarded. Pipet the mixture into DNeasy Mini spin column placed in a 2 ml collection tube. Centrifuge for a minute at 8000 rpm. Place the mini spin column into a 2 ml collection tube, add 500 µl Buffer AW1, and centrifuge for 1 min at 8000 rpm. Then add it to a new 2 ml collection tube (provided), add 500 µl Buffer AW1, and centrifuge for 1…
What are DNA probes Describe three (3) methods that can be used to label DNA probes Describe 2 methods for detection of the hybridized probe List the advantages of using non-radioactively labeled probes vs radioactively labeled probes.
1. Discuss why it is critical to add TE Buffer as the final solution to isolate the concentrated DNA. 2. Using a centrifuge, explain the rationale for separating various cellular components 3. What is the relevance of DNA being frequently referred to as the "blueprint for life?"
Give a major disadvantage of RAPD as a DNA marker. Provide one (1) recommendation onhow to address this limitation. Briefly discuss. (in 5 sentences only)
4. Look at the gel image and answer the questions below and be specific. a) Based on your calculations of the DNA concentrations, how much DNA was loaded into each well? Do you see DNA for each of your samples? If not, why do you think that is so? b) Is the DNA in a single sharp band, multiple bands or a smear? What would each of these scenarios be due to, and why would you see them for your samples? c) Do you see multiple bands in your plasmid DNA sample? What are they?
9. During nucleic acid hybridization, the probe is labelled for DNA stability to increase probe-test DNA binding to identify the location of probe and the test DNA binding for amplification 11. What is not true for Sequence tagged site (STS) markers: cannot be mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) subset of STS markers are known as expressed sequence tag (EST) markers can readily be screened by a PCR assay short DNA sequences that occur at a unique location in the genome
1. Why do we need to check the isolated DNA for its quantity and quality? 2. The purity of DNA sample is below 1.8 A260/A280 so, where did the proteincontamination come from? Note: Cite the in-text citation and references
1. The final amount of each primer required in a PCR reaction is 0.025 nanomol. If the total volume of the PCR reaction is equal to 100 µl and the stock concentration of each primer is equal to 10 µM. Calculate the volume of stock primer that needs to be added in order to ensure a primer amount of 0.025 nanomol. 2. A 250 ml phosphate buffer solution contains 204.12 µg KH2PO4 and 87.09 µg K2HPO4, respectively. Determine the molarities in micromolar (µM) of the abovementioned compounds in the phosphate buffer solution. [Mw KH2PO4 = 136.08 g/mol and Mw K2HPO4 = 174.18 g/mol] 3. You are required to use the pET 28b expression vector in a cloning experiment. If the vector is 5.368 kilobasepairs in length and the mass of the DNA that you have added represent 8.5 x 109 molecules. Determine the mass of vector DNA that you have added to your reaction? [1basepair ~ 660 Da or g/mol, Avogadro’s constant = 6.023 x 1023 molecules/mol]
5) Explain why phenol:chloroform is used in the isolation of genomic DNA ( What is the end result and what must you do for the desired effect
1. How does PFGE separate larger fragments more efficiently than standard electrophoresis? 2. Why is SYBR green less toxic than EtBr? 3. What are the similarities and differences between Manual and Automated Sanger Sequencing? 4. What is the relationship between DNA fragment length and the distance it will run in a gel? (Restriction Enzyme Digestion)
In a protocol for DNA sample preparation for agarose gel electrophoresis, what volume of 4X loading buffer must be added to 21 micro L of DNA to obtain a 1X buffer solution?
After properly troubleshooting, you finally are able to visualize the gel. You obtained the image below. The ladder used is “Lambda Hind III”. 1. Looking at the gel results, what can you say about the quality of DNA extraction for protocols 1, 2 & 3? 2. What would you take into consideration when selecting a molecular marker or leader to include in your gel run?

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