25. • A beam of laser light of wavelength 632.8 nm falls on a thin slit 0.00375 mm wide. After the light passes through the slit, at what angles relative to the original direction of the beam is it completely cancelled when viewed far from the slit?

25. • A beam of laser light of wavelength 632.8 nm falls on a thin slit 0.00375 mm wide. After the light passes through the slit, at what angles relative to the original direction of the beam is it completely cancelled when viewed far from the slit?

College Physics

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Chapter27: Wave Optics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 80PE: Figure 27.34 shows two 7.50-cm-long glass slides illuminated by pure 589-nm wavelength light...

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•8 In Fig. 35-33, two light pulses are sent through layers of plastic Pulse п п with thicknesses of either L or 2L as shown and indexes of refraction Pulse n = 1.55, nz = 1.70, nz = 1.60, n4 = i 1.45, ng = 1.59, ng = 1.65, and n, = 1.50. (a) Which pulse travels through the plastic in less time? (b) What multiple of Lic gives the difference in the traversal times of the pulses? %3D Figure 35-33 Problem 8.
•48 A high-powered laser beam (A = 600 nm) with a beam diam- eter of 12 cm is aimed at the Moon, 3.8 x 10° km distant. The beam spreads only because of diffraction. The angular location of the edge of the central diffraction disk (see Eq. 36-12) is given by 1.22A sin 0 where d is the diameter of the beam aperture. What is the diameter of the central diffraction disk on the Moon's surface?
•7 Light of wavelength 633 nm is incident on a narrow slit. The angle between the first diffraction minimum on one side of the central maximum and the first minimum on the other side is 1.20⁰. What is the width of the slit?
8.1-3 Field Distribution. (a) Demonstrate that a single TEM plane wave E, (y, 2)=A exp(-jkyy) exp(-jßz) cannot satisfy the boundary conditions, E(±d/2, z) = 0 at all z, in the mirror waveguide illustrated in Fig. 8.1-1.
20) A be am of light of infens idy un polarized Two polarizing lo s incident sheefs The sheets on placed to p of The infensiy are on each other. of the light emerging trom the sheets is lo/4. what is the ange the axes of be tween polariza tion of those polarizes ? a) ws b) os (i12) C) sin-'(v2/2) d) cos () sin - (ilu5) +) sin-! (Il2) 9) sin(T3/2) h) cos ! (r312)
83 O Two light rays, initially in phase and with a wavelength of 500 nm, go through different paths by T reflecting from the various mirrors 4 shown in Fig. 35-49. (Such a reflection does not itself produce a phase shift.) (a) What least value of distance d will put the rays exactly out of phase when they emerge from the region? (Ignore the slight tilt of the path for ray 2.) (b) Repeat the question as- suming that the entire apparatus is immersed in a protein solution with Ray 1 Ray 2 Figure 35-49 Problem 83. an index of refraction of 1.38.
•1 In Fig. 35-31, a light wave along ray r, reflects once from a mirror and a light wave along ray r, reflects twice from that same mirror and once from a tiny mirror at distance L from the bigger mirror. (Neglect the slight tilt Figure 35-31 Problems 1 and 2. of the rays.) The waves have wave- length 620 nm and are initially in phase. (a) What is the smallest value of L that puts the final light waves exactly out of phase? (b) With the tiny mirror initially at that value of L, how far must it be moved away from the bigger mirror to again put the final waves out of phase?
You are told not to shoot until you see the whites of their eyes. If the eyes are separated by 6.5 cm and the diameter of your pupil is 5.0 mm, at what distance can you resolve the two eyes using light of wavelength 555 nm?
In Section 9.6, we described how the speed of light varies with wavelength (or frequency) for transparent solids. But the speed of light in matter is also a function of temperature and pressure. This dependence is most marked for gases and is instrumental in producing such things as mirages and atmospheric refraction, the latter phenomenon being the displacement of an astronomical object (like the Sun or another star) from its true position because of the passage of its light through the atmosphere. Because Earth’s atmosphere is a gaseous mixture and easily compressed, its density is highest near Earth’s surface and gradually declines with altitude. (Refer to the discussion in Section 4.4 and Figure 4.29.) Thus, the speed of light in the atmosphere is lowest near the surface and gradually gets higher, approaching c as one goes farther and farther into space. Using this fact and the law of refraction, sketch the path a light ray from the Sun would follow upon entering Earth’s atmosphere, and predict the apparent position of the Sun relative to its true position (Figure 9.85). What does this tell you about the actual location of the Sun’s disk relative to your local horizon when you see it apparently setting brilliantly in the west in the evening?
Figure 27.34 shows two 7.50-cm-long glass slides illuminated by pure 589-nm wavelength light incident perpendicularly. The top slide touches the bottom slide at one end and rests on some debris at the other end, forming a wedge of air. How thick is the debris, if the dark bands are 1.00 mm apart?
Many cells are transparent anti colorless. Structures of great interest in biology and medicine can be practically invisible to ordinary microscopy. To indicate the size and shape of cell structures, an interference micro-scope reveals a difference in index of refraction as a shift in interference fringes. The idea is exemplified in the following problem. An air wedge is formed between two glass plates in contact along one edge and slightly separated at the opposite edge as in Figure P37.37. When the plates are illuminated with monochromatic light from above, the reflected light has 85 dark fringes. Calculate the number of dark fringes that appear if water (n = 1.33) replaces the air between the plates.
Q23. i) List any two applications of laws of thermodynamics ii) The light from a ruby laser has a wavelength of 694.3 nm in air. As the light travels from air into crown glass (n =1.52), calculate (a) its speed in crown glass, (b) its wavelength in crown glass, (c) its critical angle in crown glass surrounded by air, and (d) its frequency.