3.40 The modulating signal into an FM modulator is m(t): = 10 cos 167t The output of the FM modulator is u(t) = 10 cos 400r1 + 2.rk m (t)dt where k : centered at fe = 2000 with a bandwidth of 62 Hz, determine the power of the fre- quency components at the output of the filter (see Figure P-3.40). What percentage of the transmitter power appears at the output of the BPF? = 10. If the output of the FM modulator is passed through an ideal BPF ВPF FM m(1) demodulator u(1) Output 62HZ f = 2000 Hz k, = 10 2000 Activate V Go to Setting Figure P-3.40 1259 56 I915

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KVL and KCL

KVL stands for Kirchhoff voltage law. KVL states that the total voltage drops around the loop in any closed electric circuit is equal to the sum of total voltage drop in the same closed loop.

Sign Convention

Science and technology incorporate some ideas and techniques of their own to understand a system skilfully and easily. These techniques are called conventions. For example: Sign conventions of mirrors are used to understand the phenomenon of reflection and refraction in an easier way.