31. Which of the following mechanisms is involved in increasing the sensitivity of a synapse expressing post synaptic mechanism of LTP a. NMDA dephosphorylation b. L-type calcium channel phosphorylation C. AMPA phosphorylation d. Potassium channel phosphorylation 34. in the presynaptic mechanism of hippocampal LTP, how do we know it is presynaptic? (regraded) a. Blocking calcium channels blocks the effect b. Blocking PKA has no effect c. Blocking PKA blocks the effect d. Blocking NMDA receptors blocks

31. Which of the following mechanisms is involved in increasing the sensitivity of a synapse expressing post synaptic mechanism of LTP a. NMDA dephosphorylation b. L-type calcium channel phosphorylation C. AMPA phosphorylation d. Potassium channel phosphorylation 34. in the presynaptic mechanism of hippocampal LTP, how do we know it is presynaptic? (regraded) a. Blocking calcium channels blocks the effect b. Blocking PKA has no effect c. Blocking PKA blocks the effect d. Blocking NMDA receptors blocks

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2SQE

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Similar questions

Which of the following statements best describes saltatory conduction? a. It inhibits direct neurotransmitter release. b. It transmits the action potential at the nodes of Ranvier andthus speeds up impulses on myelinated axons. c. It increases neurotransmitter release at the presynapticmembrane. d. It decreases neurotransmitter uptake at chemically gatedpostsynaptic channels. e. It removes neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.
View the University of Michigan Webscope (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nervefiber) to see an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a myelinated nerve fiber. The axon contains microtubules and neurofilaments, bounded by a plasma membrane known as the axolemma. Outside the plasma membrane of the axon is the myelin sheath, which is composed of the tightly wrapped plasma membrane of a Schwann cell. What aspects of the cells in this image react with the stain that makes them the deep, dark, black color, such as the multiple layers that are the myelin sheath?
An example of a synapse could be the site where: a. neurotransmitters released by an axon travel across a gap and are picked up by receptors on a muscle cell. b. an electrical impulse arrives at the end of a dendrite causingions to flow onto axons of presynaptic neurons. c. postsynaptic neurons transmit a signal across a cleft to apresynaptic neuron. d. oligodendrocytes contact the dendrites of an afferent neurondirectly. e. an onoff switch stimulates an electrical impulse in apresynaptic cell to stimulate other presynaptic cells.
Which of the following does not contribute to propagation of action potentials? a. As the area outside the membrane becomes negative, itattracts ions from adjacent regions; as the inside of the membrane becomes positive, it attracts negative ions from nearby in the cytoplasm. These events depolarize nearby regions of the axon membrane. b. The refractory period allows the impulse to travel in only one direction. c. Each segment of the axon prevents the adjacent segments from firing. d. The magnitude of the action potential stays the same as it travels down the axon. e. Up to a limit, increasing the intensity of the stimulus increases the number of action potentials.
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/summation) to learn about summation. The process of converting electrical signals to chemical signals and back requires subtle changes that can result in transient increases or decreases in membrane voltage. To cause a lasting change in the target cell, multiple signals are usually added together, or summated. Does spatial summation have to happen all at once, or can the separate signals arrive on the postsynaptic neuron at slightly different times? Explain your answer.
In the propagation of a nerve impulse: a. the refractory period begins as the K+ channel opens, allowing K+ ions to flow outward along their concentrationgradient. b. Na+ ions flow out of the axon with their concentration gradient. c. positive charges lower the membrane potential to its lowestaction potential. d. gated K+ channels open at the same time as the activationgate of Na+ channels closes. e. the depolarizing stimulus lowers the membrane potential toopen the Na+ gates.
Predatory cone snails are beautiful (picture below), but deadly - they release a cocktail of toxins that affect multiple aspects of neuronal function. One of these toxins is called omega-conotoxin, and it blocks (inhibits) voltage-gated calcium channels. What impact would this have on chemical synaptic transmission? Action potentials cannot be initiated O b. Action potentials can be initiated, but cannot propagate down axons and thus cannot reach terminals O c. Action potentials can propagate and reach terminals, but neurotransmitter release is not possible o d. Neurotransmitters can be released from terminals, but they cannot bind to receptors O . Neurotransmitters can be released and can bind to receptors, but PSPS will not occur
6. Identify the following structures on an image of a synapse: Postsynaptic neuron Presynaptic neuron Neurotransmitter Synaptic cleft Synaptic vesicles Receptor for neurotransmitter Cell adhesion molecules Axon terminal 7. hore CAFE Describe the actions of sodium and potassium during action potential generation as it relates to depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization. State the directional flow of each ion and the state of the gated channels for each stage. See figure 12.15 in the textbook.
Which statement is true regarding chemical neurotransmission? O An IPSP closer to the soma will diminish the effects of an EPSP on a dendrite Chemical neurotransmission is mediated by gap junctions All neurotransmitter receptors are located on the postsynaptic cell membrane Neurotransmitters remain in the synaptic cleft indefinitely
Opening of ligand-gated Cl- channels causes :-a- inhibition of the postsynaptic neuronb- depolarization of the postsynaptic neuronc- initiation of an action potentiald- block of ligand-gated cation channels
B EPSP EPSP IPSP Y Axon hillock Axon Will it be likely to produce an action potential in neuron Y if there is repeated rapid and successive firing from neuron B? Why? What is the phenomenon called? What is the ionic basis of IPSP? Name ONE neurotransmitter that is likely to be released by inhibitory neuron C. One EPSP from neuron A depolarizes the initial segment of a neuron by +2 mV, one EPSP from neuron B is +3 mV. If there is a spatial summation of 3 EPSPS each from neurons A and B, will an action potential be generated in neuron Y? The resting membrane potential of Y is -70 mV and threshold is at -60 mV.
Matching (may not use al choices; may use some choices more than once) Sección 79. Site of action potential propagation 80. Myelin is found here 81. Voltage gated calcium channels are found here 82. Site of temporal summation 83. Structure involved with signal reception 84. Location of EPSPS Post-synaptic membrane Site of salutatory Conduction 85. 86. 87. Site of spatial summation 88. Ligand (chemical) gated channels are found here 89. _Pre-synaptic membrane Salto de columna A. Dendrites B. Soma C. Axon Hillock D. Aхon E. Synaptic knob