A solution of HNO3 is standardized by reaction with pure sodium carbonate. 2H+ + Na₂CO3 → 2Na+ + H₂O + CO₂ A volume of 27.91 ± 0.05 mL of HNO3 solution was required for complete reaction with 0.9253 ± 0.0009 g of Na₂CO3, (FM 105.988 ± 0.001 g/mol). Find the molarity of the HNO3 solution and its absolute uncertainty. Note: Significant figures are graded for this problem. To avoid rounding errors, do not round your answers until the very end of your calculations. 0.6256 0.002 [HNO3] = M ± M Incorrect Incorrect

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Precipitation Titration

Precipitation analysis is used to analyze drugs, and to measure the salt content in food and beverages. It is an important concept from the examination point of view many practical questions are asked on the topic. This topic is significant in the professional exams for both undergraduate and graduate courses, especially for