GT 2A. Draw the structure of L-valine in a strongly basic solution.B. What is the charge of this amino acid in a strongly basic solution?1.2. A. What is the pH of D at its isoelectric point?B. Show the structure of this amino acid at its isoelectric point.C. What is the charge of this amino acid in a strongly acidic solution?

A. Structure of L-valine in a strongly basic solution is as follows: B. The charge of this amino…

Answered: A. Draw the structure of L-valine in a…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Peptides. 1. Draw the peptide Ala-Glu-Gly-Lys, as it would occur at physiological pH = 7.4. The R groups of Ala and Gly are not acidic or basic, therefore do not have a pka and the charge on these R groups is therefore independent of pH. Glu is acidic and Lys is basic, therefore the charge on these amino acids is pH dependent. The pKas are shown below. pKa N-term = 9.0 C-term = 3.5 Glu4.1 Lys = 10.5 2. Draw a circle around the peptide bonds. 3. Label the C-terminus and the N-terminus. 4. What is the overall charge on the peptide at pH 7.4?
A. Write the structure of the following peptide at pH 5.0 and calculate its net charge at this pH. Asp-His-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Leu-Thr-Gln. Based on the pKa value of the ionizable groups. B. A polypeptide consisting only of L-glutamate residues (poly-L-glutamate) may have a random coil or helical structure depending on pH. Explain this behavior by indicating at what pH values the helical structure will be favored.
a. Draw the peptide chain (indicate if it is solid or hatched wedges) for the following: Glycine-(L)-Arginine-(D)-Proline-(L)-Glutamic Acid b. Compute for the isoelectric point. Show solution.
b. Please draw the structure of the polypeptide: threonine-lysine-glutamine-valine at pH 7.0, and identify the alpha carbons. C. Estimate the isoelectric point of the polypeptide in (b.)?
A. A solution of amino acid having carboxylic side chain was titrated against NaOH. If the initial pH of the solution was 2.8. Describe the state of the functional groups of the amino acid at the initial pH and at 10.5 B. Briefly explain how you will separate amino acid mixture using the change difference between amino acids. C.A given glycine solution was titrated against NaOH and pH of the final solution was 4.8. Given that pKa1 and pKa2 of the glycine are 2.34 and 9.60 respectivel. Calculate the concentration of the dissociated amino acid in terms of the undissociated amino acid. If [x] and [y] are the concentration of dissociated and undissociated amino acid respectively.
a. Suppose that you have the peptide Ala-Gly-Tyr-His-Leu and you treat it with FDNB and then 6M HCl. Draw the structures of all the products that you will have in solution (assume all reactions to go to completion).
Solve the peptide problem. 1. Write the structure of tripeptide in which the first amino acid is Trp, the second one is Glu, and the third one is Asp. Mark its N- and C-ends. What is the pl area of the tripeptide (>7)? Explain. What is the charge of the tripeptide placed in a buffer solution with pH 9,2? Explain. How do you think, would the Xanthoprotein reaction be positive in the solution of this peptide? Explain.
Identify. Examine the following four amino acids (A-D): Co0 "H,N- CH "H,N CH "H;N-CH "H,N CH CH2 CH2 CH, CH CH2 CH3 CH, CH2 OH NH," B D What are their names, three-letter abbreviations, and one-letter symbols?
a. What is a heterocyclic amine? What was the most interesting example you found out about? Why was it interesting? b. DNA and RNA are heterocyclic amines with Nitrogen in the center. If sulfur were in the middle of the ring instead of Nitrogen how would this affect the ability to H-bond? c. Show the structure of 2 neurotransmitters. What are some of the interactions you found out about it.
Choose Two. The Ramachandran plot indicates: B H Ca ||||||| Ⓒ. The C1 I A. Combined preference about both H しょしい O conformation preference for a C1-C² and c²_N bonde Existence of a peptide in an a-helical conformation Or P sheeted The prefered conformation about Can bond. The prefered conformation about C1-C² bond The prefesed conformation about peptide bond.
Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion On paper draw a dipeptide, clearly showing the peptide bond joining the two amino acids together. If the two amino acids are valine and threonine, predict the overall charge of the dipeptide at pH 7. Do not forget to consider the amino (N-terminal) and carboxy (C-terminal) of the dipeptide, as well as the R groups. Select one: a. +2 b. -2 c. 0 d. -1 e. +1
R V. Phospholipids are the main structural lipids that comprise cellular and organellar membranes. One abundant phospholipid in bacterial cell membranes is phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), which has a generic structure shown on the right. Note that R1 R and R2 are representative alkyl chains of attached fatty acids, each having about 16 – 20 carbon atoms. a) The overall net charge in one PE molecule is: -2 -1 0 +1 +2 CH₂ Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) -CH H₂C. b) The glycerophosphate backbone in PE is a: D-enantiomer c) The fatty acids are attached to PE via which type of bond? amine L-enantiomer racemic NH3 amide ester ether d) Draw the commonly used cartoon representation of one phospholipid molecule. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.

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