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A ________ potentail is a local, graded depolarization in a receptor cell triggered by the threshold stmulus opening the ion channels
generator
graded
action
positive
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- Blocking KCa2 (SK) channels will typically ________ a neuron's firing rate Increase Decrease Not change[Na*] [K*] This diagram is a drawing of normal conditions that occur in a neuron's axon (not all details are included). This stage that a living neuron would be in, would show that O no positive ions are inside the cell current is traveling down the axon O the cell will be at rest once the Na ions enter the cell O the cell is at rest O Na ions are predominantly outside the cellLocal potentials are produced by ligand-gated channels True False
- Threshold is the minimum depolarization needed to________ Repolarize the membrane Open voltage-gated Na+ channels Overcome the absolute refractory period Release synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitters Prevent the polarizing limitWhile the inactivation gate is closed and the activation gate is open, sodium channels are_____.A change in the axon membrane potential from -70 mV to -64 mV would be called a depolarization polarization hyperpolarization potential
- Both rhodopsin in vision and the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in cardiac muscle are coupled to ion channels via G proteins. Describe the similarities and differences between these two systems.A membrane potential (Vm) labeled axis on the graph In the graph draw the phases of the action potential Include the channels involved and when they open and close matching them to the Vm Indicate the periods in which the action potential can or cannot occurAbsolute refractory periods in axons: Result from conformational changes in voltage gated K channels after opening O Result from Cl channel induced hyperpolarization O Result from Ca dependent phosphorylation of K channels Result from conformation changes in voltage gated Na channels after opening O Result from Ca dependent phosphorylation of Na channels
- Receptor tyrosine kinase’s catalyze the phosphorylation of target proteins which means they are classified as an _______________________ receptorThe concentration of potassium ions inside a nerve cell membrane is higher than the concentration of sodium ions outside the mem-brane, yet the inside of the membrane (where the cation concentra-tion is higher) is negative to the outside. Explain this observation in terms of permeability properties of the membrane.Match each description with the appropriate receptor