Assume accountants and teachers have identical marginal revenue product schedules. Which of the following provides an explanation for why accountants receive higher starting salaries than school teachers?
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Assume accountants and teachers have identical marginal revenue product schedules. Which of the following provides an explanation for why accountants receive higher starting salaries than school teachers?
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- Consider the following conversation between Gary Means, manager of a division that produces industrial machinery, and his controller, Donna Simpson, a certified management accountant and certified public accountant: Gary: Donna, we have a real problem. Our operating cash is too low, and we are in desperate need of a loan. As you know, our financial position is marginal, and we need to show as much income as possibleand our assets need bolstering as well. Donna: I understand the problem, but I dont see what can be done at this point. This is the last week of the fiscal year, and it looks like well report income just slightly above breakeven. Gary: I know all this. What we need is some creative accounting. I have an idea that might help us, and I wanted to see if you would go along with it. We have 200 partially finished machines in process, about 20% complete. That compares with the 1,000 units that we completed and sold during the year. When you computed the per-unit cost, you used 1,040 equivalent units, giving us a manufacturing cost of 1,500 per unit. That per-unit cost gives us cost of goods sold equal to 1.5 million and ending work in process worth 60,000. The presence of the work in process gives us a chance to improve our financial position. If we report the units in work in process as 80% complete, this will increase our equivalent units to 1,160. This, in turn, will decrease our unit cost to about 1,345 and cost of goods sold to 1.345 million. The value of our work in process will increase to 215,200. With those financial stats, the loan would be a cinch. Donna: Gary, I dont know. What youre suggesting is risky. It wouldnt take much auditing skill to catch this one. Gary: You dont have to worry about that. The auditors wont be here for at least 6 to 8 more weeks. By that time, we can have those partially completed units completed and sold. I can bury the labor cost by having some of our more loyal workers work overtime for some bonuses. The overtime will never be reported. And, as you know, bonuses come out of the corporate budget and are assigned to overheadnext years overhead. Donna, this will work. If we look good and get the loan to boot, corporate headquarters will treat us well. If we dont do this, we could lose our jobs. Required: 1. Should Donna agree to Garys proposal? Why or why not? To assist in deciding, review the corporate code of ethics standards described in Chapter 1. Do any apply? 2. Assume that Donna refuses to cooperate and that Gary accepts this decision and drops the matter. Does Donna have any obligation to report the divisional managers behavior to a superior? Explain. 3. Assume that Donna refuses to cooperate; however, Gary insists that the changes be made. Now what should she do? What would you do? 4. Suppose that Donna is 63 and that the prospects for employment elsewhere are bleak. Assume again that Gary insists that the changes be made. Donna also knows that his supervisor, the owner of the company, is his father-in-law. Under these circumstances, would your recommendations for Donna differ?What is the most likely consequence of unethical behaviours by management accountants? Satisfied suppliers Customers paying less for products Resource allocation from the budgeting process in organisations being done inequitably Employees experiencing higher job satisfactionSuppose that a company called Futuristics, Inc hires you to work in Supply Cha Management. Your new manager sets up a meeting to discuss the Surfers, Inc. account. The meeting opens with the manager stating, "I just reviewed the financial report on Surfers, Inc. It really doesn't cost much to serve them, does i Which of the following would be an appropriate response to the manager's statement? Traditional accounting methods are perfect to help us make decisions about serving the Surfers, Inc. account Activity-based costing would be better to report the Surfers, Inc. results to the financial community Traditional cost accounting gives us a good measure for comparing by customer Activity-based costing could better show us how much it really costs to serve Surfers, Inc. Activity-based costing takes depreciation into account to enable us to know when to replace machinery
- Many companies have a staff of full-time managerial accountants. Other companies prefer to outsource their managerial accountants. What are some of the advantages of having a full-time staff of managerial accountants? What are some of the disadvantages?What is a benefit to a career in accounting? a. High salaries.b. Wide range of job opportunities.c. High demand for accounting graduates.d. All of these answer choices are correct.Identify the major problems in this situation and explain how they impact the organization. You will need to consider both behavioral and analytical factors. Specifically, how might managerial accounting concepts, tools, or techniques be applied to help resolve this dilemma? What are possible consequences of applying the same to this dilemma? Briefly explain Orange Electronics has been experiencing declining profit margins and has been looking for ways to increase operating income. It cannot raise selling prices for fear of losing business to its competitors. It must either cut costs or improve productivity. The company uses a standard cost system to evaluate the performance of the soldering department. It investigates all unfavorable variances at the end of the month. The soldering department rarely completes the operations in less time than the standard allows (which would result in a favorable variance). In most months, the variance is zero or slightly unfavorable. Reasoning that…
- Patrick Financial Services, an accounting firm, specialises in providing accounting and taxation work for dentists and doctors. You have been provided with financial information relating to the firm in appendix 1. In appendix 2, you have been provided with non-financial information which is based on the balanced scorecard format. Notes Error rates measure the number of jobs with mistakes made by staff as a proportion of clients serviced. Core work is defined as being accountancy and taxation. On-core work is defined primarily as pension advice and business consultancy. On-core work is traditionally high margin work. Required: Using the information in appendix 1 only, comment on the financial performance of the business (briefly consider growth, profitability and credit management) Explain why non-financial information, such as the type shown in appendix 2, is likely to give a better indication of the likely future success of the business than the financial information…Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. 1. When designing an accounting system, you need to think about the needs and knowledge of both the top managers and various other users. TrueFalse 2. When the environment changes as a result of technological advances, increased competition, or government regulation, an accounting system does not have to be sufficiently flexible to meet the changes in order to save money. TrueFalse 3. In developing an accounting system, cost is relevant. The benefits obtained from the information disseminated must outweigh the cost of providing it. TrueFalseYou work for Alphabet Holdings Plc as a junior management accountant. The board of directors are considering ways to improve the suboptimal performance of an investment in a manufacturing company called DEF products Ltd. As you can see from the table below the directors are considering closing products Bozon and Carbon in an effort to improve overall profitability. You spot that marginal costing would show the results differently and may affect the directors’ decision. Requirements for Question 2 Use your knowledge of management accounting and marginal costing to calculate the contribution of each product Use your findings from part (a) and appropriate academic references to explain whether the company should stop making product Bozon Use your findings from part (a) and appropriate academic references to explain whether the company should stop making product Carbon Discuss how and why marginal costing calculates contribution to pay overheads and why this is…
- The manager of Sunshine bakery is disappointed with the reported net income for the period. The bakery recorded a loss for the period. The manager does not understand how demand can be so high for baked goods but profits low. Suggest reasons why the bakery high demand may not lead to profit. Recommend the type of analysis that should be done to pinpoint the problem.Qualified accountants have superior knowledge of tax and financial reporting What sort of power do they exert over other managers in an organisation OA Coercive power Expert power Referent power Reward power The cross elasticity of demand between Product M and Product N is positive. What is the correct description of both Product M and Product N ? Complementary goods Veblen goods Giffen goods Substitute goodsWhich of the following situations is most likely to pose a problem for companies that use return on investment as a measure of a manager’s performance? a. Managers may be encouraged to purchase more operating assets than they otherwise should. b. Managers may be discouraged from purchasing operating assets that could improve overall profitability. c. Managers may be discouraged from reducing their division’s costs. d. Managers may be discouraged from paying off debt in order to reduce costs