at have evolutionary psychologists argued about human cooperation? There is no fundamental human nature; it differs completely between cultures. Humans are poor at detecting violations of conditional logic rules, yet we can easily detect a violation of a rule that involves cheating on a social exchange or social rule. Humans have talent for detecting social norm violation using pure logical thinking, however we still find social norm violations more difficult than logic and probability. Humans need to avoid inbreeding, form friendships, and avoid exploitation. The same general mechanism allows us to do all three: associative learning.

at have evolutionary psychologists argued about human cooperation? There is no fundamental human nature; it differs completely between cultures. Humans are poor at detecting violations of conditional logic rules, yet we can easily detect a violation of a rule that involves cheating on a social exchange or social rule. Humans have talent for detecting social norm violation using pure logical thinking, however we still find social norm violations more difficult than logic and probability. Humans need to avoid inbreeding, form friendships, and avoid exploitation. The same general mechanism allows us to do all three: associative learning.

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter43: Animal Behavior

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8SQ

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What is an example of co-option-- when a cooperative trait that originally served one function later came to serve a different cooperative function over evolutionarily time? There is no evidence that vampire bats hunt as cohesive coordinated group. Vampire bats help offspring, and then those offspring are more likely to help their own offspring. Dogs have traits for cooperating with dogs, but now these traits facilitate cooperation with humans. O Captive food sharing, grooming, and kinship predicted co-roosting and co-foraging after release into the wild
There are three chief ideas of the handicap principle: 1) Animals communicate with éach other throughn sigi must be honest, and 3) honest signals are expensive. Stotting behavior (up and down jumps gazelles exhibit when they spot a predator before the gazelle runs away) often results in the predator leaving before it attacks, presumably because the predator knows it won't easily catch that gazelle. This clearly is an example of the handicap principle based on the three ideas. True False
Prairie dogs exhibit a behavior that appears to be contrary to that of natural selection. One will act as a lookout for the others of the community, demonstrating a warning call when observing an eagle flying overhead. This loud noise calls attention to himself which puts him more in harms way than if he ran to hide discretely. However, the warning call allows the others of his community to react and protect themselves. This selfless act is an example of imprinting innate behavior altruistic behavior classical conditioning 500
Consider the following argument: Altruistic behavior in groups of related individuals is most likely driven by kin selection since related individuals would share DNA. Which of the following pieces of evidence would be most likely to weaken this argument? Data showing that only distantly related individuals are most likely to perform altruistic behaviors in order to protect each other Data showing that food gifts are given more common among family members than between unrelated individuals in a group Data showing that individuals that share a higher percentage of DNA in a group tend to show the most altruistic behavior between themselves Data showing that the more frequent an allele of a gene occurs in a population, the more likely that population performs altruistic behaviors
Assortive mating generally leads to lower diversity because; Assortive mating actually increases diversity Individuals choose to mate with individuals who are dis-similar to themselves Individuals choose to mate with other similar individuals Individuals choose to mate later in life
Earlier explanations of altruistic behavior as a form of group selec-tion have been supplanted by Hamilton’s hypothesis of kin selection. What distinguishes kin selection and how does it accord with the no-tion of inclusive fitness, the relative number of an individual’s alleles that pass to the next generation?
Once there was a highly intelligent turkey that had nothing to do but reflect on the worlds regularities. Morning always started out with the sky turning light, followed by the masters footsteps, which were always followed by the appearance of food. Other things varied, but food always followed footsteps. The sequence of events was so predictable that it eventually became the basis of the turkeys theory about the goodness of the world. One morning, after more than 100 confirmations of this theory, the turkey listened for the masters footsteps, heard them, and had its head chopped off. Any scientific theory is modified or discarded upon discovery of contradictory evidence. The absence of absolute certainty has led some people to conclude that theories are irrelevant because they can change. If that is so, should we stop doing scientific research? Why or why not?
Hamilton's Rule describes the relationship between cost and relationship in the evolution of altruistic behavior. Which of the following do not support Hamilton's rule: In colonies of Naked Mole Rates, only one female is reproductive. Cattle egrets sometimes kill their siblings. Wood mouse sperm will sacrifice themselves to assist a "sibling" sperm to fertilize an egg. O A Prairie Dog trills in response to an oncoming predator and is more likely to be eaten because it exhibits this behavior.
Another way to say "Natural Selection" is: differential success in reproduction mutation selective breeding differential access to mating partners variation O preferential sex choices
Explain from the standpoint of relatedness, that there is no reason to think that either bonobo society or chimpanzee society is a better model for human behavior.
Sexual selection is kind of natural selection in which characteristics related to mating success are the targets of selection. male features are always the key characteristics selected. competition among individuals of the same sex is always involved. infertility is the most common problem. All of the choices are correct.
Evolutionary biology What are 4 conditions in which natural selection favors altruistic behaviors in which the individual performs costly actions to benefit others?