c.2. Researchers are studying HIV prevalence using a cross-sectional study design.Which of the following factors may affect the researchers' assessment of HIVprevalence in their study population? Choose all that apply and explain your answer.a) Changes in HIV treatmentb) Changes in HIV virulence (HIV virulence refers to the ability of the virus to causedisease)c) Population changes (e.g. migration) due to HIV infection, for example people wholeave their community to live closer to physicians specialized in treating HIVd) Other factors which may affect survival of HIV-infected persons (e.g. changes inhealthcare practices)e) Changes in HIV diagnosticsf) Changes in HIV awareness and education

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that destroys immune cells in the human body, which…

Answered: c.2. Researchers are studying HIV…

Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E

6th Edition

ISBN:9781133893943

Author:ESTRIDGE

Publisher:ESTRIDGE

Chapter7: Basic Clinical Microbiology

Section7.9: Infection Prevention In Healthcare Settings

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In 2014, a study investigated the frequency of HIV in a remote New Zealand community a total of 132 people participated in the study. A serological tests to diagnose cases of early HIV were conducted for each participant during 2014. Two cases were identified. The researchers followed those at risk for another year, and during this time frame another person was diagnosed. (d) It appeared that not all the people at risk were followed for the entire year (2015). In fact only 65 people were followed for 12 months, 5 participants were followed for 10 months, 22 were followed for 7 months, 8 were followed for 6 months, 15 for 4 months and another 15 for 2 months. Calculate the person-time of observation - What was the incident rate of HIV during 2015. - Assuming HIV has no cure (which is not correct if detected early!) and the incidence rate of HIV in the community remained constant what should happen to the prevalence of HIV in this cohort over time?
In 2014, a study investigated the frequency of HIV in a remote New Zealand community a total of 132 people participated in the study. A serological tests to diagnose cases of early HIV were conducted for each participant during 2014. Two cases were identified. The researchers followed those at risk for another year, and during this time frame another person was diagnosed. (a) What was the prevalence of HIV in 2014? (b) What was the prevalence of HIV among study participants at the end of 2015 Assume no loss to follow-up. (c) What was the cumulative incidence of HIV over the study period? (d) It appeared that not all the people at risk were followed for the entire year (2015). In fact only 65 people were followed for 12 months, 5 participants were followed for 10 months, 22 were followed for 7 months, 8 were followed for 6 months, 15 for 4 months and another 15 for 2 months. Calculate the person-time of observation (e) What…

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