Ceramics used as abrasives must be hard and tough and be able to withstand high temperatures that arise from frictional forces. What is the minimum required hardness (measure in Mohs scale) for a material to be used as abrasive? Your answer
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- At room temperature, the edge length of the cubic unit cell in elemental silicon is 5.431 Å, and the density of silicon at the same temperature is 2.328 g cm-3 . Each cubic unit cell contains eight silicon atoms. Using only these facts, perform the following operations.(a) Calculate the volume (in cubic centimeters) of one unit cell.(b) Calculate the mass (in grams) of silicon present in a unit cell.(c) Calculate the mass (in grams) of an atom of silicon.(d) The mass of an atom of silicon is 28.0855 u. Estimate Avogadro’s number to four significant figures.Use the following atomic masses (in g/mol):Mg = 24.31; O = 16; Ca = 40.08; C = 12.01; Na = 23; H = 1; N = 14.01; S = 32.06; Cl = 35.45; 2.) Limestone consists chiefly of mineral calcite (CaCO3). The carbonate content of 0.5413g of powdered limestone was measured by suspending the powder in water, adding 10mL of 1.392M HCl and heating to dissolve the solid and expel CO2. The excess acid required 39.96mL of 0.1004M NaOH for complete titration to a phenolphthalein end point. Find the % wt of calcite in limestone.The thermal and mechanical processing of materials is an important step in ensuring that they have the appropriate physical properties for their intended application. Suppose a metallic element undergoes a phase transit ion in which its crystal structure changes from cubic close-packed to bodycentredcubic. (a) Does it become more or less dense? (b) By what factor does its density change?
- C: Explain and draw Points Defects of crystalline engineering materials.is the study of fundamental principles of nanostructures between bulk and atomic properties.Answer with true (T) or falls (F), corrects the wrong phrases, and gives short reasons for correct statements: 1- The atomic bonding is weaker than metallic bonding. من اضعف x2- The starting and finishing solidification temperatures for pure metal are the same. 3- The result of normalizing process is coarse pearlit 4- The austenite can be existed at room temperature. 5- Increasing temperature will increase the magnetization of steel.
- 8. For a bronze alloy with a cross-sectional area of 300 mm² and a modulus of elasticity of 120 GPa, the maximum stress that can be carried by the alloy without plastic deformation is 300 MPa. If the original specimen length is 95 mm, what is the maximum length to which it may be elastically stretched? (a) 0.24 mm (b) 95.24 mm (c) 237.50 mm (d) 332.50 mmwhat is TRIIPPLE POINT 62How will you distinguish between the following pairs of terms:(i) Tetrahedral and octahedral voids(ii) Crystal lattice and unit cell
- The thermal and mechanical processing of materials isan important step in ensuring that they have the appropriatephysical properties for their intended application. Suppose ametallic element undergoes a phase transition in which itscrystal structure changes from cubic close-packed to bodycentred cubic. (a) Does it become more or less dense? (b) Bywhat factor does its density change?Please provide step-by-step anwser What is the probable lattice type of crystalline substances that give the following observed reflections? Body centered? Face centered? Etc.? (a) 100, 110, 111, 200, 210 (b) 001, 110, 200, 111, 201PART B Q1 (a) Figure 5 shows the type of point defects that may presence in a metal. Compare the characteristics between the point defects occurred at point 1 and point 3. Figure 5: Possible point defects in a metal material (b) The equilibrium number of vacancies in an aluminium plate at the temperature of 500 °C is 7.57 × 10²3 m³³. The atomic weight and density for aluminium are 26.98 g/mol and 2.62 g/cm³, respectively. Calculate the activation energy for vacancy formation in aluminium. (c) Describe with illustration a point defect that may presence in silicon dioxide crystal structure. Q2 (а) Discuss with suitable example the influence of crystal structure of the solvent iron, Fe lattice to the diffusivity of carbon atom in the formation of a steel alloy. (b) Discuss the possible diffusion that take places in the making of electronic integrated circuit wafer with help of suitable diagram.