Comment on the significance of any experimental errors for ORIFICE AND FREE JET FLOW
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- H.W. (a) Derive an expression for the volumetric flow rate of a fluid flowing through an orificemeter. Write down the advantages and disadvantages of using orificemeter over a venturimeter. (b) Water is flowing through a pipeline of 50 cm ID at 30°C. An orifice is placed in the pipeline to measure the flow rate. Orifice diameter is 20 cm. If the manometer reads 30 cm of Hg, calculate the water flow rate and velocity of the fluid through the pipe. pwater at 30°C = 987 kg/m³. p = 13600 kg/m. Orifice co-efficient. = 0.6 3/5/2024 61 OPEA tanker carrying tolueneis unloaded to an onshore storage tank using the ship’s pumps. The pipeline is 225-mm inside diameter and 900-m long (200-m long suction line, 700-m long discharged line). Miscellaneous losses due to fittings, valves, etc., amount to 100 equivalent pipe diameters at the suction side, and 500 equivalent pipe diameters at the discharged side. The maximum liquid level in the destination storage tank is 30 m above the lowest liquid level in the ship’s tanks. The ship’s tanks are nitrogen blanketed and maintained at an absolute pressure of 1.05 bar (1 bar = 10^5 Pa). The storage tank has a floating roof, which exerts an absolute pressure of 1.1 bar on the liquid. The ship must unload 1000 metric tons within 5 hours. Taking pump efficiency as 70%, (ρ = 874 kg/m3, μ = 0.62 cP, Pvapor = 0.037 atm absolute). Determine: Discharge head (m) and pressure (Pa) Actual pump power (kW) Available NPSH (m)As an engineer, you are setting up an experiment to measure the airflow rate in a duct. Choose a technique and devices for the measurement. You are required to design/draw the set-up and demonstrate the calculation for themeasurement of flow rate. Please discuss the relevant principle involved and reason for selectingthe technique.
- A tanker carrying tolueneis unloaded to an onshore storage tank using the ship’s pumps. The pipeline is 225-mm inside diameter and 900-m long (200-m long suction line, 700-m long discharged line). Miscellaneous losses due to fittings, valves, etc., amount to 100 equivalent pipe diameters at the suction side, and 500 equivalent pipe diameters at the discharged side. The maximum liquid level in the destination storage tank is 30 m above the lowest liquid level in the ship’s tanks. The ship’s tanks are nitrogen blanketed and maintained at an absolute pressure of 1.05 bar (1 bar = 105 Pa). The storage tank has a floating roof, which exerts an absolute pressure of 1.1 bar on the liquid. The ship must unload 1000 metric tons within 5 hours. Taking pump efficiency as 70%, (ρ = 874 kg/m3, μ = 0.62 cP, Pvapor = 0.037 atm absolute). Determine: A. Pump head (m) B. Pump differential pressure (Pa) C. Suction head (m) and pressure (Pa) D. Discharge head (m) and pressure (Pa) E. Actual pump power…Еxample 04 A liquid is flowing along a tapering pipe at a volume flow rate of 15 m³/min. The cross-sectional area of the pipe at the start is 0.05m? and this reduces to 0.02m2 at the outlet. Calculate the flow velocity at the inlet and outlet to the pipe.A tanker carrying tolueneis unloaded to an onshore storage tank using the ship’s pumps. The pipeline is 225-mm inside diameter and 900-m long (200-m long suction line, 700-m long discharged line). Miscellaneous losses due to fittings, valves, etc., amount to 100 equivalent pipe diameters at the suction side, and 500 equivalent pipe diameters at the discharged side. The maximum liquid level in the destination storage tank is 30 m above the lowest liquid level in the ship’s tanks. The ship’s tanks are nitrogen blanketed and maintained at an absolute pressure of 1.05 bar (1 bar = 10^5 Pa). The storage tank has a floating roof, which exerts an absolute pressure of 1.1 bar on the liquid. The ship must unload 1000 metric tons within 5 hours. Taking pump efficiency as 70%, (ρ = 874 kg/m3, μ = 0.62 cP, Pvapor = 0.037 atm absolute). Determine: D. Discharge head (m) and pressure (Pa) E. Actual pump power (kW) F. Available NPSH (m)
- A designer needs a quarter-turn shut-off valve to flow approximately 10 GPM, with an inlet pressure of 3000 psig and an outlet pressure of 2900 psig. The flow media is clean water at room temperature. She selects a plug valve with a flow coefficient of 1.20. Is her valve choice appropriate for the required application?NUMBER 1; Consider a rocket engine burning hydrogen and oxygen; the combustion chamber (reservoir) pressure and temperature are 25 atm and 3517 K, respectively. The area of the rocket nozzle throat is 0.1m². The area of the exit is designed so that the exit pressure is equal to 0.01174 atm. Determine the exit area and exit velocity with the given parameters: Mass flow rate = 121.9 kgm/s Molecular weight (gas mixture) Specific heat ratio (gas mixture) = 1.22 Universal gas constant = 8,314 J/ (kg/mol) (K) = 16 molAir at 110°F passes through a -in-diameter orifice having a flow capacity constant of 3.5. If the upstream pressure is 1500 psi, what is the maximum flow rate in units of scfm of air? 2
- In a pipe of diameter 300mm the center line velocity and the velocity at a point 100mm from the center, as measured by pitot tube are 2.4 m/s and 2.0 m/s respectively. Assume the flow in the pipe to be turbulent find: 1-Dischrge through the pipe,2-Coefficient of friction, 3 Height of roughness projections.Please do not waste my question solve with correct answers only.Heavy oil with density of 912 kg/m^3; kinematic viscosity of 2.05 x 10^-4, is delivered yo an upper stortage tank from a supply tank whose oil level is 3.0 m. below the storage tank. The conveyance process is made by means of an 80% efficient pump through a pipe 500 m long and having a diameter of 5 cm. For discahrge of 4 liters/s, whay is the input power of the pump. Neglect mior losses. Choices: a.10.2 KW b.9.78 kW c.12.30 kW d.11.4 kWHeavy oil with density of 912 kg/m^3; kinematic viscosity of 2.05 x 10^-4, is delivered yo an upper stortage tank from a supply tank whose oil level is 3.0 m. below the storage tank. The conveyance process is made by means of an 80% efficient pump through a pipe 500 m long and having a diameter of 5 cm. For discahrge of 4 liters/s, whay is the input power of the pump. Neglect mior losses include your free body diagram a.11.4 kW b.12.30 kW c.9.78 kW d.10.2 KW