Describe five possible fates for glucose 6-phosphate in the liver.
Q: Explain to a child how the irreversible steps in carbohydrate metabolism are regulated.
A: Glucose is the energy source in living beings. The molecule is six-carbon sugar. Glucose is obtained…
Q: Explain how glucose is broken down in general.
A: Carbohydrates are divided into 3 classes monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide.…
Q: Carnitine is an important cofactor in which stage of fatty acid metabolism?
A: Fatty acid metabolism involves beta oxidation and it consists of the following steps: Conversion of…
Q: Identify the 3 reducing equivalents associated with lipid metabolism.
A: Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells,
Q: Would altering the unsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio in tissues be easier to accomplish in…
A: Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids exist. Because converting a double bond to a single bond…
Q: /on Gierke's disease is a glycogen storage disease that results from the absence of…
A: Glucose-6-phosphatase converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose. Absence of glucose-6-phosphatase…
Q: Can you explain the difference in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in liver and muscle?
A: A carbohydrate is a biological molecule containing atoms of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. The…
Q: Describe the different functions of glycogen in liver and muscle
A: Polysaccharides are larger molecules of sugar compounds that are made up of many smaller units of…
Q: Describe the main components of amino acid catabolism
A: Catabolism of amino acids usually begins with the removal of the amino groups. Amino groups are then…
Q: How does adipose tissue metabolize absorbed triglyceride, and what are the three major sources of…
A: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that help in the digestion and metabolism of…
Q: Explain why triglycerides have a glucose-sparing effect.
A: Introduction :- Blood sugar, often known as glucose, is the most common sugar found in the body. It…
Q: Explain the functions of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and fatty acids in the triacylglycerol…
A: The tri-esters of fatty acids and glycerol are known as triacylglycerol. One glycerol and three…
Q: Describe the difference between lactose intolerance and galactosemia.
A: Introduction: Lactose intolerance is a condition where the body cannot digest the disaccharide…
Q: Explain why glucose shows mutarotation?
A: According to the question, we have to give an explanation why glucose shows mutarotation. So, let us…
Q: Explain the difference between the glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids? How does the body used them…
A: Amino acids are organic compounds with two functional group- amino group and carboxyl group. Carboxl…
Q: Describe the effects of a diet that includes large amounts of fructose.
A: Fructose was a natural fruit sugar .it was a keto hexose ,monosaccharide found in many plants .it…
Q: Describe how the acetyl units would be used during [normal/low] [glucose] periods.
A: Acetyl CoA is an important biomolecule that participates in many biochemical reactions. These…
Q: Explain why the amino acid tryptophan is both ketogenicand glucogenic.
A: The amino acid is the organic acid that contains alpha carboxyl group, alpha amino group, hydrogen…
Q: Describe the role of insulin in lipid metabolism.
A: Insulin was an endocrine hormone which plays a major role in regulation the body metabolism by…
Q: What impact would an increase in intramitochondrial oxaloacetate have on fatty acid synthesis?…
A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains. Fatty acids undergo β oxidation when…
Q: What metabolic and hormonal changes account for decreased gluconeogenesis during the first several…
A: The absence of food intake causes the body to move into a fasting state from a fed state. The…
Q: Given the nature of the hormonal activation of lipases, what carbohydrate pathways would be…
A: The lipase is an enzyme found in the pancreas that catalyzes the breakdown of fats to fatty acids…
Q: Describe the role of glutamine and glutamate in amino acid metabolism.
A: Amino groups of most of the amino acids are transferred to α-ketoglutarate to form glutamate this is…
Q: List reaction or pathways of fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis affected by insulin and glucagon.
A: Insulin is the hormone synthesized by the β cells of pancreas. Whereas glucagon is synthesized by…
Q: Why are the essential fatty acid associated with low incidence of heart disease? Cite some clinical…
A: Fatty acids are a long chain of glycerides. Often they have vital roles in the body.
Q: W ich of the following statements about glucose metabolism is correct?
A: Glucose metabolism: It involves multiple processes: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis,…
Q: Which glycogen storage disorder is known as amylopectinosis? explain very briefly.
A: In glycogen storage disease abnormal accumulation of sugar occur in the body due to defective…
Q: Discuss the process of digestion and absorption of lipid. Explain the relationships between…
A: Lipids are hydrophobic biomolecules that are invovled in various structural and functional roles.…
Q: which is incorrect regarding fatty acid biosynthesis on the given statements?
A:
Q: Describe three important health disorders or diseases related to abnormal cholesterol metabolism
A: Cholesterol is a class of certain organic molecules which is found in the body of living organisms.…
Q: Define beta-oxidation of fatty acids? Describe in detail three different steps of beta-oxidation of…
A: Fats are polymers of fatty acids and glycerol. These are major energy reserves. Fats can be of two…
Q: Which of the following is NOT an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis…
A: GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE is not an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis occur.
Q: Lysine is degraded to acetoacetyl-CoA then to acetyl-CoA, and is described as a _______ amino…
A: Lysine and arginine are broken down into acetoacetyl CoA and Acetyl CoA respectively. The process…
Q: List the steps in the digestion of dietary triacylglycerols and their transport into the…
A: Chylomicrons are in the intestinal cells and relay lipids from the digestive tract and mix them in…
Q: What is the difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHNS)?
A: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) are the two…
Q: Depending on the body’s needs, into what type of compounds is glucose converted in the pentose…
A: Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a pathway parallel to glycolysis. In the first step of…
Q: Explain why the first step of glucose catabolism is necessary.
A: The catabolism of Glucose, i.e., Glycolysis, is very important for the cell as glucose is the main…
Q: Glucose can be made from oxaloacetate during gluconeogenesis, but if oxaloacetate concentrations are…
A: Gluconeogenesis is essentially the reversal of glycolysis. Glucose can be made from oxalfoacetate…
Q: Describe how the glucose-alanine cycle acts to transportammonia to the liver
A: Introduction: The Cahill cycle, also known as the alanine cycle or the glucose-alanine cycle, is a…
Q: why high levels of glucose will produce more citric acid? explain in details please
A: Glucose is the primary energy source for humans and many other organisms. Starch is digested in the…
Q: Explain how excessive ketone bodies may form in the following: During starvation In patients with…
A: Ketone bodies are the water-soluble molecules containing the ketone group that are produced by the…
Q: How are glucose, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis and degradation, and…
A: Metabolism is a series of interconnected chemical reactions occurring within a cell; the chemical…
Q: In gluconeogenesis, only the carbon skeletons of amino acids, not fatty acids, are utilised. So how…
A: The metabolic process or cycle in which lipids are digested or broken down to release or create…
Q: Explain why reduction in ghrelin secretion in bariatric surgery would be beneficial on glucose…
A: Ghrelin is also recognized as a growth hormone-releasing peptide. It is a hormone produced mostly by…
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- If all of the pentose phosphate pathway is functioning (both oxidative and non-oxidative portions), 6 glucose 6-phosphates are used, how many glucose 6-phosphates can be regenerated for use in the liver?Explain why triglycerides have a glucose-sparing effect.Explain the effects of each of the following on gluconeogenesis and glycolysis in a liver cell. Mark whether the rate of each will increase (+), decrease (-), or remain the same (0).
- Why are the essential fatty acid associated with low incidence of heart disease? Cite some clinical signs of essential fatty acid deficiency. Explain how aspirin can block the synthesis of prostaglandins?Name the process of formation of glucose from non carbohydrates.List the four fat-soluble vitamins. Why is excess consumption of three of these vitamins of concern?
- In healthy adults, the concentration of glucose in blood is approximately80 to 110 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl). After a carbohydrate-richmeal, however, the concentration may spike to 140 mg/dl. Describe thehormonal action that returns blood glucose to normal.How does a ketogenic diet decrease the level of urea in obese patients and increase the level of creatine in obese patients? (explain on a molecular level)Describe the different functions of glycogen in liver and muscle
- If glucagon binds to the liver cell, what is the expected regulation of the bifunctional enzyme phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase and how would the levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate be impacted?How are fatty acids related to ketogenic diet? Explain.What are the sources of glucose 6-phosphate in liver cells?