Describe how the proton (H+) gradient is used to make ATP what is the overall purpose of photosynthesis? What two molecules bring chemical energy from the light reactions to the next stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle At the end of the Calvin cycle, what molecules have the energy that originally came from light?

Describe how the proton (H+) gradient is used to make ATP what is the overall purpose of photosynthesis? What two molecules bring chemical energy from the light reactions to the next stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle At the end of the Calvin cycle, what molecules have the energy that originally came from light?

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter20: The Protists

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT: Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of...

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Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict correctly that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?
Which of the following substances does not participate in the Calvin-Benson cycle? a. ATP c. NADPH e. PGAL b. O2 d. RuBP f. CO2
Explain the reciprocal nature of the net chemical reactions for photosynthesis and respiration.
Which part of the Calvin cycle would be affected if a cell could not produce the enzyme RuBIsCO?
Where is the electrochemical gradient located in the chloroplast? Why is it important? Why are the Light Independent Reactions important? Name the 3 stages of the Calvin Cycle? What is the function of ribulose bisphosphate, RUBISCO, glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate in the Calvin Cycle? How much energy is utilized? What is Carbon Fixation? What is Photorespiration? Why is it wasteful? Why are some plants called C4 plants and why are they important? How have they adapted to unfavorable climatic conditions? How do the activities of C4 plants compare with the activities of CAM plants?
what is the process called that provides the energy to pump protons during the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? which direction are protons pumped?
Chloroplasts are illuminated until the levels of the Calvin cycle intermediatesreach a steady state. The light is then turned off . How does the level of RuBP vary after this point?
Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis are correct? 1. Absorption of light does one thing: it makes chlorophyll easier to oxidize. 2. In PSII, the rate of damage to the D1 protein can never exceeds the rate of repair. 3. Electron transport is spontaneous (exergonic) as electrons move from P680* to P700+. 4. Compared to anoxygenic photosynthesis, in oxygenic photosynthesis less light needs to be absorbed to reduce NADP+. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correct
Look at the equation for photosynthesis and try to explain a basic overview of the process of photosynthesis. What is happening? What is being made and what is being used? Why is it important? In order to make one molecule of glucose, 2 G3P molecules are needed. In which step of the Calvin Cycle is the G3P made?
How many water molecules have to be split as part of the light reactions to produce enough ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle to produce one molecule of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)? STROMA (low H+ concentration) Light THYLAKOID SPACE (high H+ concentration) STROMA (low H+ concentration) Photosystem II 4 H+ H₂O 1 1/2 0₂ +2 H+ Thylakoid membrane Cytochrome complex Light Pq 4 H+ Photosystem I Pc ATP synthase ADP + H+ Fd M ATP NADP+ reductase NADP+ + H+ NADPH To Calvin Cycle
1) The light reactions begin with sunlight striking a photosystem. Which photosystem is this and what happens to the electrons there? 2) What happens to this first photosystem to prepare it to become activated by additional sunlight? 3) Why are there two different photosystems in the light reactions. 4) Where do these electron reside at the end of the Calvin Cycle (dark reactions)?
In the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis, what specifically happens in the electron transport chain between Photosystem II and Photosystem I? The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem II is transferred to pheophytin and plastoquinones, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to plastocyanin. Plastocyanin then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem I. The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem I is transferred to pheophytin and plastoquinones, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to plastocyanin. Plastocyanin then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem II. The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem I is transferred to plastocyanin, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to pheophytin and plastoquinones. Plastoquinone then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem II.…