Determine the entropy change for the combustion of liquid ethanol, C2H5OH, under standard state conditions to give gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid water.

Q: Why is the standard entropy of a substance in the gas state greater than its standard entropy in the…

A: The intermolecular force between gas molecules is less than the intermolecular force between liquid…

Q: Calculate the entropy change of the system when a system expands at a constant temperature of 311 K…

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Q: Determine the entropy of * H₂(g) + Br2(g) → 2HBr (g)

A: Entropy measures the extent of the randomness of a system. It is represented by S. It increases with…

Q: Define entropy and state the second law of thermodynamics?

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic property which shows the inaccessibility of a system's thermal energy. It…

Q: The thermodynamic property defined in terms of system enthalpy and entropy in which spontaneous…

A: Since we know that for a spontaneous process the delta G should be negative .    This problem can be…

Q: Describe Gibbs Free Energy?

A: The second law of thermodynamics is introduced to explain the spontaneity or feasibility of…

Q: AS ΔΗ- ΔΗ: ↑

A: Entropy is the term defined as irregularities of the atoms if the irregularities increase then the…

Q: Define importance of second law of thermodynamics and knowing entropy

A: There are four laws of thermodynamics such as zeroth law of thermodynamics, 1st law of…

Q: Describe how entropy and enthalpy combine for the overall determination of spontaneity. What values…

A: The Gibbs equation, shown in equation (1) where ΔH is the enthalpy change, ΔS is the entropy change,…

Q: starting from the definition of Gibbs Free Energy, the 1st law of thermodynamics, the 2nd law of…

A: To derive the criteria for spontaneity for Gibbs free energy.

Q: the least to greatest in terms of standard entropy (1

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Q: If the difference between the enthalpy of the products and that of the reactants is positive and the…

A: A spontaneous reaction is a reaction that favors the formation of products at the conditions under…

Q: Calculate the change in entropy when one mole of metallic aluminum is heated at one bar pressure…

A: Enthalpy of fusion for 1 mole of Al is 10699.45 J/molInitial temperature = 25 degC = 298.15K KFinal…

Q: How can a system or chemical reaction have a negative entropy change and be spontaneous?

A: Chemical reaction:

Q: How can you calculate the standard entropy change for a reaction from tables of standard entropies?

A: The standard entropy change for a reaction from tables of standard entropies can be calculated by…

Q: Calculate the standard entropy change for the following reaction. 4 Al(s) + 3 02(g) → 2 Al,O3(s) JK!

A: A numerical problem based on entropy change, which is to be accomplished.

Q: What is the precise definition of entropy? What is the significance of entropy being a state…

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic state function that determines randomness in a system.  When we raise…

Q: maximum amount of work

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Q: Under what circumstances does entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process

A: For any  spontaneous process, the value of Gibbs free energy change i.e ΔG should be -ve And since…

Q: Using the standard molar entropies, calculate the standard entropy change, AS', for the following…

A: The standard thermodynamic data for the given reactants and products at given temperature is,

Q: What is the chemical significance of a negative enthalpy change and a negative entropy change?

A: Enthalpy change is nothing but the amount of heat evolved or absorbed during a chemical reaction at…

Q: What thermodynamic quantity is used to determine whether a chemical reaction will proceed…

A: In the thermodynamic system we can determine which reaction is spontaneously or which reaction is…

Q: The second law of thermodynamics states that for a process to be spontaneous:         (A) The…

A: According to second law of thermodynamics, the overall entropy of the whole universe is always…

Q: Which of the following is a correct statement about the third law of thermodynamics ? O The entropy…

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of science which deals woth the study of energy changes and their…

Q: Which law states that the entropy of a perfect crystalline substance is zero at the absolute zero of…

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Q: If an ideal gas at 1.75 atm and 25 degrees Celsius is isothermally compressed from 800 mL to 150 mL,…

A: Initial volume of the gas, V1 =800 mL Final volume, V2 = 150 mL Calculation of initial moles of the…

Q: How does the standard entropy of a substance depend on its molar mass? On its molecular complexity?

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic property, which is the measure of randomness of a system. Entropy of the…

Q: Using the standard molar entropies, calculate the standard entropy change, AS°, for the following…

A: Hess's law  states that the amount of heat evolved or absorbed in a process is independent of the…

Q: What happens to the entropy of a sample of the matter when it changes state from a solid to a…

A: Entropy of a system is defined as the measure of randmnoss,or disorder. Entropy is an extensive…

Q: Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3H8, under the standard…

A: Entropy refers to measure of disorder and randomness. For a reaction, standard entropy change of…

Q: Neither the change in enthalpy nor the change in entropy is, by itself, sufficient to determine…

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Q: Give an example of a spontaneous process in which a system becomes less ordered and energy becomes…

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Q: The amount of energy available in a reaction to do work is known as: a. Entropy b. Enthalpy c.…

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Q: 2.1. For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, (a) Is this a spontaneous process? (b)…

A: a. During this constant temperature or isothermal, expansion into a vacuum, the gas does no work (w…

Q: Does the entropy of the surroundings increase for spontaneous processes?

A: The entropy is a measure of randomness of a system. In a spontaneous process, the entropy of the…

Q: Explain why changes in both enthalpy and entropy determine the spontaneity of a process.

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Q: Describe Gibbs' free energy and give an example of a spontaneous process.

A: The process which occur by itself without any external energy is known as spontaneous process.

Q: According to the second law of thermodynamics for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the…

A: To find: For a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe

Q: If the normal boiling point of a liquid is 67 °C, and the standard molar entropy change for the…

A: Standard molar enthalpy change can be expressed in terms of standard molar entropy change and…

Q: Determine the entropy of the reaction: H2(g) + CuO(s) → Cu(s) + H2O(g)

A:

Q: Why do exothermic processes tend to be spontaneous at low temperatures? Why does their tendency…

A: According to second law of thermodynamics,

Q: What is the sign of the change in entropy of: Heating liquid water to its boiling point

A: Given  sign of the change in entropy of: Heating liquid water to its boiling point

Q: What is the entropy of a system that has only a single microstate?

A: Entropy is defined in the terms of randomness that a system possess or the disordered state. Change…

Q: Describe the entropy of water running from a river down to a waterfall.

A: Entropy is the randomness/disarrangement of particles.

Q: Does the entropy of the system increase, decrease, or stay the same when the volume of a gas…

A: Entropy is the thermal energy of a system per unit of temperature. This energy is not available for…

Q: The entropy of vaporization of water is 109.0 J/mol · K. What is the enthalpy of vaporization of…

A: Given: Entropy of vaporization of water = 109.0 J/mol.K.

Q: Determine the entropy of * H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl (g) positive negative

A: Entropy is determined by change in entropy on going from reactant to product. Entropy change=…