Draw the most prominent ionization state for phenylalanine (pKa for acidic hydrogens shown below) at pH = 7.0 and pH = 11.0 NH3 OH pKa ~2 pka -9 phenylalanine
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- 16-27 Guanidine, p/Ca 13.6, is a very strong base, almost as basic as hydroxide ion. NH NH2+ II II H2N—C—NH2 + H2O H2N—C—NH2 + OH" Guanidine Guanidinium ion pKb = 13.6 Complete the Lewis structure for guanidine, showing all valence electrons. The remarkable basicity of guanidine is attributed to the fact that the positive charge on the guanidinium ion is delocalized by resonance over the three nitrogen atoms. This delocalization increases the stability of the guanidinium ion relative to the ammonium ion or substituted ammonium ions. Draw three equivalent contributing structures for the guanidinium ion and show by the use of curved arrows how these three contributors are related. Propose an explanation for the fact that protonation occurs on the C=NH nitrogen rather than on one of the —NH., nitrogens. (Hint: Consider the resonance stabilization of the structure formed by protonation on a —NH., nitrogen compared with the resonance stabilization of the structure formed by protonation on the =NH nitrogen.) Predict the N—C—N bond angles in the hybrid. Which is the stronger acid, the ammonium ion or the guanidinium ion?Dicarboxylic acids have two dissociation constants, one for the initial dissociation into a monoanion and one for the second dissociation into a dianion. For oxalic acid, HO2C—CO2H, the first ionization constant is pKal = 1.2 and the second ionization constant is pKa2 = 4.2. Why is the second carboxyl group far less acidic than the first?6. For the ionization of phenylacetic acid, C6H5CH₂CO₂H + H₂O = H3O+ + C6H5CH₂CO₂ K₂ = 49 × 10-5 (a) What is [C6H5CH₂CO₂] in 0.186 M C6H3CH₂CO₂H? (b) What is the pH of 0.121 M C6H3CH₂CO₂H?
- If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3)3N] is 10.75, what should the molarity of this solution be? (CH3)3N + H2O ↔ (CH3)3NH+ + OH-, Kb = 6,3 × 10-5(a) Given that Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10-5 and that forhypochlorous acid is 3.0 x 10-8, which is the stronger acid?(b) Which is the stronger base, the acetate ion or the hypochloriteion? (c) Calculate Kb values for CH3COO- and ClO-.1a) Consider the reaction AH(+) + H₂O A: + H3O+). For the following named acids: a) draw the structure of the acid, b) give the approximate pKa of the conjugate acid in units of 5, c) give the name of the conjugate base, and d) draw the structure of the conjugate base. p-Toluenesulfonic acid acid Conjugate base Imidazolium cation pka_ pKa iso-Propanol pKa Acetylene pKa
- What is the ratio [A¯]/[HA] at pH 3.75? The pKa of formic acid (methanoic acid, H-COOH) is 3.75.a) If the Kb of a weak base is 4.7E-9, what is the Ka of its conjugate acid? Do not include any units with your answer. Your answer should have two significant figures. For scientific notation use the same as that in the problem (i.e. 3.3E-2 is the same as 3.3 x 10-2). b) Diethylamine, (CH3CH2)2NH, has a Kb of 8.6 x 10-4. What is the pH of a 0.22 M solution of diethylammonium chloride, [(CH3CH2)2NH2]Cl? Your answer should be to two places past the decimal point.Dicarboxylic acids have two dissociation constants, one for the initial dissociation into a rnonoanion and one for the second dissociation into a dianion . For oxalic acid, HO,C-CO,H, the first ionization constant has pKaj = 1.2 and the second ionization constant has pKaz = 4.2. Why is the second carboxyl group so much less acidic than the first?
- A 0.100M succinic acid solution (diprotic acid: Kal = 6.21E-5, Ka2 = 2.31E-6) at pH 5, calculate the [H₂A], [HA], and [A²-]. A) [H2A] = 0.0999, [HA-] = 6.21E-5, [A2-] = 1.43E-9 B) [H2A] = 0.0116, [HA-] = 0.0718, [A2-] = 0.0166 C) [H2A] = 6.9E-8, [HA-] = 4.31E-4, [A2-] = 0.996 D) [H2A] = 0.0266, [HA-] = 0.0631, [A2-] = 0.0103A weak acid has a pKa of 7.6. What is the proportion of A- to HA if pH is 9.08? Round to one decimal place. Thank You!Consider the following five weak acids: Succinic acid: pKa = 4.16 НOBr: Ka%3D 2.06 х 10°9 Dinicotinic: pKą = 2.08 Nitrobenzoic: Ka = 6.95 x 10-3 Saccharin: pKa = 11.68 Order these acids from the strongest (1) to the weakest (5) Dinicotinic [Choose] Saccharin [ Choose] Nitrobenzoic [Choose] НOBr [Choose] Succinic acid [Choose]
