ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING   a). Explain the harmful or beneficial effects of Ground Level Ozone and Stratospheric Ozone. b). Describe the photochemical reaction for the formation of Ozone. Then, explain how CFC as a base atmospheric pollutant can cause the catalytic destruction of Ozone and the subsequent stabilization of chlorine.  c). Compare the Traction Battery in a conventional Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) with the batteries in a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) and then explain the possible emissions shift that may arise from PHEV use.            d). Explain three applicable methods of Particulate Control using gas-cleaning devices.

The gas contains 650 ppm SO2; calculate the emission rate of SO2 in kg/day.

14. A solution containing a metal ion (M2+(aq)) is electrolyzed by a current of 7.8 A. After 15.5 minutes, 2.39 g of the metal is plated out.(a) How many coulombs are supplied by the battery?(b) What is the metal? (Assume 100% efciency.)

The PureNSafe Company is designing a solar-driven, portable water disinfection system to be used by the military. The system is simply an inlet tube, a pump, a well-mixed chamber, and an outlet tube. Water is pumped continuously into the chamber where it is irradiated with UV light before exiting through the outlet tube into a collection vessel. The disinfection rate constant for UV light is 7.50 s-1, and the number of bacteria in the water must be reduced by 3.5 logs. Because the military needs the unit to fit into a backpack, they require that the unit’s chamber be no larger than 2.00 L. a) How much water will the system be able to produce during 10 hours of sunlight? b) If instead of a well-mixed chamber, the backpack unit is designed using coiled tubing (2.00 L total volume), how much water will the system be able to produce during 10 hours of sunlight?

You are designing an afterburner to treat 2 m³/s of air at 1.02 atm and 20 °C. The pollutant concentration in the air stream is 3 g/m³. The fuel to be added is methane at a volumetric treated air-to-fuel (AF) ratio of 80. Its heat of combustion is 50,100 kJ/kg (you can assume the same for the pollutant). The reaction chamber following the combustion zone is a cylinder. The design flow velocity is 5 m/s and the residence time for the gas stream is to be 1 s. Find (a) the average temperature of the gas leaving the combustion zone and entering the reaction zone in degrees K; (b) the diameter of the reaction chamber in m, and (c) the length of the reaction chamber in m. You can assume that the polluted air to be treated has the properties of air (so the specific heat is 1.1 kJ/kg-K; also use this for the specific heat of the methane, your added fuel).

A certain parallel-plate capacitor is filled with a dielectric for which K = 6.50. The area of each plate is 0.0524 m², and the plates are separated by 2.97 mm. The capacitor will fail (short out and burn up) if the electric field between the plates exceeds 179 KN/C. What is the maximum energy that can be stored in the capacitor? Number i ! Units J

application of battery in civil engineering and why

Determine the properties of propane in gaseous state with the help of generalized compressibility charts according to the conditions given below. Compare the results obtained with the ideal gas equation of state. Temperature at 0.006 m³/kg, 7 MPa

Liquid weighing 0.98 gram and containing 90% of carbon and 8% of hydrogen give the following result in the bomb calorimeter experiment amount of water taken in the calorimeter equal to 450 gram water equivalent of the calorimeter equal to 450 gram rise in temperature of water equal to 1.8 degree centigrade if the latent heat of steam is 587 calorie per gram calculate the cross and net calorific value of the fuel

A cylindrical tank of methanol has a mass of 40 kg and a volume of 51 L. Determine the methanol’sweight, density, and specific gravity