Q: Which of the following are associated with the origin and spread of antibiotic resistance?
A: Explanation are given below
Q: Name TWO antibiotics that are commonly found to cause superinfection What are the intended purposes…
A: Superinfection is the process by which a cell that has formerly been infected by one virus gets…
Q: List two features limiting the adaptation of nonvascularplants.
A: Non vascular plants are those plants which do not have vascular system, they lack of xylem and…
Q: List 7 main factors that cause antibiotic susceptibility
A: Antibiotic susceptibility: Measuring the diameter of the zones of bacterial…
Q: Mention and describe the two types of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
A: The emergence of resistance among the most essential bacterial pathogens is recognised as a main…
Q: Why is antibiotic resistance a problem and how can antibiotic resistance be prevented? (List the 7…
A: Antibiotic resistance Microorganisms that are not inhibited by usually achievable systemic…
Q: What is a goal of antimicrobial chemotherapy?
A: Microbes are the tiny organisms that are present all over the globe.
Q: Before development of a vaccine against this microbe, thedisease it caused accounted for two-thirds…
A: Meningitis is disease that causes inflammation of meninges. The meninges are the membrane that…
Q: List four mechanisms that bacteria have developed through mutation to resist antimicrobial drugs
A: Antimicrobial drugs or antibiotics are the chemicals that can kill or slow the spread of bacteria.…
Q: Screening of potential antibiotic producing organism - Explain
A: An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. They are the most…
Q: Why are b- lactam antibiotics only bactericidal to growing bacteria?
A: Beta-lactam antibiotics are the antibiotics that are bactericidal, which means they kill bacteria.…
Q: Explain the mechanism of Vancomycin antibiotic?
A: Answer: ANTIBIOTIC = These are the chemicals or drugs used for the killing of microbes and inhibit…
Q: Why is Clostridium difficile a good target pathogen for a vaccine? (In details, please) thanks!
A: Clostridium difficile infection is a significant local area related sickness. This infection is…
Q: What is the connection between certain antimicrobial drugs and superinfections?
A: A microorganism develops an adaptive response towards antimicrobial drugs and is called drug…
Q: What does the zone of inhibition imply? Does the measurement of the zone of inhibition imply that…
A: Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ( AST) is a test used to detect best Antibiotic for eradication of…
Q: Antibiotic resistance is promoted by overprescription of antibiotics. How do we stop this trend?…
A: Antibiotics are used for preventing and treating infections caused by a specific pathogens.…
Q: What does antimycobacterial drug target? What does it target?
A: Anti-mycobacterial drug is the one which is used to treat Mycobacterial infections like Tuberculosis…
Q: Why we say Beta-lactam antibiotics to penicillin and also explain mode of action of theses…
A: Antibiotics is the word antibiosis which means against life. They are chemical compounds obtained…
Q: Some bacteria produce the enzyme penicillinase, which breaks the beta-lactam ring in the penicillin…
A: Penicillin is able to kill bacteria by inhibiting their cell wall biosynthesis . The cell walls of…
Q: For each of the following antibiotics, give the spectrum, primary effect and briefly explain the…
A: Antibiotics are the biochemical compounds mostly obtained from fungi which target prokaryotic cells…
Q: Please give me the introduction basedon the topic *EVALUATION OF BROAD-SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS AND…
A: Antibiotics are the most often recommended drugs for children. The majority of antibiotics are used…
Q: The zone of inhibition measurement for S. aureus with an antibiotic disc of erythromycin is 10.…
A: KIRBY BAUER METHOD- Antibiotic sensitivity test is performed by using the agar diffusion method in…
Q: Intense fever, shock, and other symptoms occur in some gram-positive bacterial infections due to:…
A: Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by their thick walls of peptidoglycan. They stain red or…
Q: With the help of two (2) examples, define antibiotics
A: Antibiotics are widely used to treat certain infections cause by bacteria.
Q: Antibiotics are termed broad spectrum if they inhibit both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.…
A: Bacteria are microorganism that most commonly occur in the soil, air, water and in adverse…
Q: Neosporin consists of neomnycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin B. Which component(s) can inhibit Gram…
A: Antibiotics are medicines that kill harmful living organisms, majorly microorganisms. The term…
Q: How can drug resistance in microorganisms be circumvented?
A: The uselessness of a treatment, such as an antibiotic or antineoplastic, for curing a disease or…
Q: What is the mode of action of bacitracin? How does this influence the types of bacteria it can be…
A: Introduction:- Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungus, and protozoans are killed or inhibited by…
Q: True or false panresistant organisms are only susceptible to the strongest of antibiotics
A: Antimicrobial resistance develops whenever bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve and no…
Q: What are novel antibiotics? And their difference to normal antibiotics
A: What are novel antibiotics?
Q: What 4 principal antibiotic resistance (ABR) mechanisms are there? Is there a fundamental…
A: Protein synthesis is a central function in cellular physiology and as such it is the primary target…
Q: With some level of toxic shock syndrome caused by the superantigen produced by Staphylococcus…
A: Staphylococcus aureus - It is round shaped, gram positive bacteria, member of Firmicutes, generally…
Q: In the shown disc diffusion assay, how many antibiotics have no antibacterial effect at all?: Select…
A: The Kirby-Bauer procedure also known as a disk diffusion test is performed to test the antibiotic…
Q: Define the terms antiseptic and disinfectant. using one named example of each describe their modes…
A: Hi! As you have posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which is to be answered, we are…
Q: a. List the bacteria from this chapter for which general, routine vaccines are given. b. For which…
A: Immunity is the body's biological system to recognize the antigen and fight gainst them and protect…
Q: What bacterial structural target would make an antibacterial drug selective for gram-negative…
A: The gram-negative bacteria don't retain the crystal violet stain that's why called gram-negative.
Q: The following table includes information from a procedure where mice were injected with different…
A: The infective dose, or as we called it as the ID50, is the estimated number of organisms or virus…
Q: Which HDAC inhibitors are used as anticancer agents?
A: Histone deacetylase(HDAC) Inhibitors are a class of anti cancer agents that induces apoptosis…
Q: Which bacterial culture (Lb. plantarum, P. acidilactici, or P. pentosaceus) was most effective…
A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that may be pathogenic in nature. The cells are devoid of…
Q: Does the antibiotic disk producing the largest zone of inhibition on a plate always correspond to…
A: ZONE OF INHIBITION: The Antibiotic disk contains some Antibiotic that slowly gets dispersed in to…
Q: Why is Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) ideal for antibiotic susceptibility testing
A: MHA(Mueller Hinton Agar) was developed by Mueller and Hinton in 1941. It is used to test antibiotic…
Q: Describe the production of semi-synthetic antibiotics
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial agents which work against bacteria.Hence antibiotics plays important…
Q: In what ways can you apply the principles of aseptic technique in your everyday life to maintain a…
A: Aseptic method means using procedures and procedures to prevent infection. It involves applying…
Q: Explain the Mechanism of Action of β- Lactam Antibiotics ?
A: An agent which kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria is called as an antibiotic. They can be…
Q: What is the mechanism of an antibiotic removal device (ARD)?
A: Blood cultures are prepared to detect the presence of a pathogenic microbe in the blood. If the…
Q: What is the definition of the term Resistant? How do you detect that your microorganism is…
A: Resistant- ability of bacteria to endure the effects of a damaging chemical substance is known as…
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- Explain how the Kirby-Bauer method relies on diffusion of antibiotics
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- As everyone is aware of, suspected COVID-19 patients are being diagnosed using the Nasopharyngeal Swab Test through Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Explain its principle; its advantages and disadvantages.Why is antibiotic resistance a problem and how can antibiotic resistance be prevented? (List the 7 methods for preventing resistance.)Before development of a vaccine against this microbe, thedisease it caused accounted for two-thirds of bacterial meningi-tis cases during the first year of life but is still the number oneleading cause of mental retardation in patients who survive seri-ous disease due to permanent central nervous system disorders.What is the microorganism?(a) Haemophilus influenzae type B(b) Haemophilus influenzae type A(c) Neisseria meningitidis(d) Streptococcus pneumoniae(e) Listeria monocytogenes
- https://youtu.be/w7aIxiZQ60g Multiplexing agglutination https://youtu.be/uWStmyJ5Qc0 This is the multiplexing agglutination. Lab report I don’t really know what to talk about, the data, conclusions and the purpose of this. Need help pleaseMicrotubule stabilisers may be used as anticanceragents. Propose a set of four molecules from the literature that can be overlaid to give a commonpharmacophore. Label the key structural featuresthat indicate some similarity between themolecules.explain this result in a brief and clear way, Here is the link where the image came from: https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/ijms/ijms-21-05129/article_deploy/ijms-21-05129.pdf?version=1595262192
- How important is RNA extraction in the recent pandemic? Explain in maximum of 5 sentences how it is being applied and what is the procedure behind to get a fast, rapid and high quality RNA sample. Include references.One laboratory method to detect for COVID-19 infection is via real time RT-PCR. The process starts with nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabbing to get a sample. Explain concisely how this technique generally works and how it can be used for testing.One of the early results shows that the post-centrifugation pellet of encapsulated cells also contains EA1 and/or Sap. Why is this not proof that Bacillus anthracis cells have both an S-layer and a capsule simultaneously? I need help finding the answer in the article and explain in short answer link to article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106848/
- Why is C-reactive protein used as an index disease serverity in Kawasaki patientsThe following pictures show the results of a Disk Diffusion Assay for different types of bacteria. For each bacteria, what antibiotic would you recommend be used on the patient? Explain your choice.Pharmacodynamic (PD) Response Biomarkers Instructions Group (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK326791/), a biomarker is used to show that a biological response has occurred in an individual who has been exposed to a medical product or an environmental agent. Match the pharmacodynamic/response biomarker on the left, with the related you can use internet search, FDA According to the FDA-NIH Biomarker Working treatment/disease on the right. Please note that and NIH websites, as well as the on-line library resources. Sweat chloride Response to warfarin treatment International Effect of enzyme replacement therapy for patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 normalized ratio (INR) Response to a B-lymphocyte stimulator inhibitor in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Viral load Urinary level of glycosaminoglycans Response to cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) potentiating agents in patients with cystic fibrosis Blood pressure Response to antihyperglycemic agents or…