Explain what happens at the categories below AND how the new lipid and protein transit to the next category before ER, at the surface of the ER as mRNA reaches the ER, continued events at the ER
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Explain what happens at the categories below AND how the new lipid and protein transit to the next category
before ER, at the surface of the ER as mRNA reaches the ER, continued events at the ER, preparation for departure from ER to the Golgi, at Golgi and how vesicles depart the Golgi to get near the Plasma Membrane, at the Plasma Membrane and constitutive versus regulative exocytosis
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- Secretory vesicles (destined for exocytosis) that fuse with the plasma membrane only in an intermittent manner (often requiring an environmental signal) are properly referred to as: constitutive secretory vesicles (like those that carry lipids, such as phosphatidylcholine) the v-SNARES the endosomes the t-SNARES regulated secretory vesicles (like those that carry hormones, such as insulin)Which of the following statements on the synthesis of collagen and cell adhesion molecules is FALSE? both are transcribed from genes translation of both occurs in the rough ER both require vesicle transport both require exocytosis O both undergo final assembly in the extracellular spaceAfter pinocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes, one possible fate of both cargo receptors and their cargo could be translocation to a new plasma membrane location, followed by exocytosis of the cargo molecule, which commonly occurs in human gut epithelial cells carrying which cargo? the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) the glucose molecule the low density lipoprotein (LDL) the influenza virus the cholesterol molecule
- Describe how fully formed ribosomes that are made in the nucleolus move out of the nucleus into the rough endoplasmic reticulum or cytoplasm. Include how they pass through, any localization signals on the ribosomal proteins and the nuclear transport factor that is involved.The following are steps that occur when a protein is targeted for synthesis on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Which of the following indicates the correct sequence for the signal mechanism that targets proteins for the ER? The SRP leaves and polypeptide synthesis resumes, with simultaneous translocation across the membrane. Polypeptide synthesis begins on a free ribosome in the cytosol. An SRP binds to the signal peptide, halting synthesis momentarily. The rest of the completed polypeptide leaves the ribosome and folds into its final conformation. The SRP binds to a receptor protein in the ER membrane that is part of a protein complex that forms a pore. The signal peptide is cleaved by an enzyme in the receptor protein complex. A. 2, 3, 5, 1, 6, 4 B. 2 ,3, 5, 6, 1, 4 C. 3, 1, 6, 5, 2, 4 D. 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 4Let's say there is a protein that needs to be made and then exported out of the cell by exocytosis. Put the order of events in the correct order. Transport by vesicle to the plasma membrane for exocytosis. Process new protein in the rough ER. Transcribe into mRNA in nucleus. Transport by vesicle from the rough ER to the golgi apparatus for further processing, modifying, and sorting. Translate mRNA into protein on a ribosome attached to the rough ER in the cytoplasm.
- Explain how proteins are inserted into the ER membrane, including the relationship between signal sequences and transmembrane domains. Briefly explain protein folding and quality control processes that occur in the ER, and describe the types of protein glycosylations that occur in the ER and are then modified in the GolgiSecretory vesicles (destined for exocytosis) that fuse with the plasma membrane continuously, with no requirement for hormones or any other environmental signal, are properly referred to as: the v-SNARES constitutive secretory vesicles (like those that carry lipids, such as phosphatidylcholine) the endosomes regulated secretory vesicles (like those that carry hormones, such as insulin) the t-SNARESVesicles forming at the plasma membrane, or at the trans face of the Golgi, and destined only to fuse with endosomes and lysosomes, are generally associated with all of the following proteins except: dynamin proteins cargo receptor proteins clathrin proteins collagen proteins adaptin proteins
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis results in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles. O is also known as "cellular drinking." directly involves the Golgi apparatus. Ois a form of phagocytosis. O is nonspecific.A toxin produced by a certain species of snail can interfere with the formation of the Golgi Apparatus. The toxin prevents the formation of the trans face of this organelle. This toxin would prevent . Group of answer choices Transport of lipids from the smooth ER to the Golgi Apparatus Digestion of malformed proteins by the lysosomes Transport of proteins to the plasma membrane for export out of the cell Reception of proteins from the rough ERWhat is the difference between ER-bound ribosomes and ribosomes you find in the cytoplasm? There is no difference, they are the same molecules and bind any mRNA they encounter ER ribosomes only bind the mRNA that codes for proteins that are supposed to go to the ER Cytoplasmic ribosomes only bind the mRNA that codes for proteins that are supposed to stay in the cytosol They are structurally different molecules with specific functions All of the above