Q: Based on class data only, which antimicrobial has the broadest spectrum? Which one has the narrowest…
A: An antimicrobial is an agent that kills or stops the growth of micro-organism. Antimicrobial…
Q: can the same chemical be used for an antiseptic and a disinfectant?
A: Antiseptic - These can slow down the growth as well as can kill the microbes, but do not harm the…
Q: For an individual organism and an antimicrobialagent, what do the results signify?
A: Introduction In the various microbiological techniques as we isolate and culture different bacteria…
Q: explain the toxic effects of mycotoxins on living organisms?
A: Mycotoxins are the poisonous compounds that are produced by certain fungal species. These fungi when…
Q: Why are antimicrobials inhibited in the presence of organic matter?
A: The different types of anti-microbials are anti-parasitic, anti-fungals, anti-bacterials, and…
Q: Define sterilant, and name the principal sporicidal chemical agents.
A: Sterilization is defined as the process where all the living microorganisms, including bacterial…
Q: Why have the chemical structure of some antimicrobial drugs been modified into semisynthetics?
A: Many antibiotics or antimicrobial drugs halt bacterial infection by interfering with the…
Q: What are Romanowsky stains? Name four of these.
A: Staining is a technique used to enhance contrast in samples , generally at the microscopic level.…
Q: How do hydrogen peroxide agents work and what is their best application as an antimicrobial?
A: Disinfectants are chemical agents applied to non-living objects to destroy bacteria, viruses, fungi,…
Q: Why is it better for a drug to be microbicidal than microbistatic?
A: Any substance which is produced by naturally, artificially or through synthetic origin that kills or…
Q: Why is picric and tannic acids used in treating burns and diarrhea?
A: Picric acid is a potent explosive that is a derivative of phenol. Picric acid is a chemical compound…
Q: What are the two most Resistant, and the two most Sensitive microbial structures to antiseptic…
A: Biocides: It is the term used to portray the chemical entity or the living organic entity that can…
Q: What purpose does water serve in the “Effects of Antiseptics & Disinfectants”?
A: Answer: ANTISEPTICS : These are the liquid or semi-solid cream having some special properties to…
Q: What is the differece between disinfection and sterilization? What is the dfference between…
A: Disinfection and sterilization are essential for ensuring that medical and surgical instruments do…
Q: Why is antifolate used as an anticancer agent?
A: Introduction Antifolates are a class of chemicals that are often used to treat cancer. They were one…
Q: Design an experiment to determine whether an antimicrobial agent is acting as a cidal or static…
A: A cidal agent means that it causes death of an organism. A static agent does not directly kill the…
Q: Why are antimicrobial processes inhibited in the presence of extraneous organic matter?
A: The extraneous organic material denotes the blood, serum, pus, etc. Here we will know why the…
Q: Which is more effective as an antiseptic: ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol? Choose only one and…
A: Alcohols are widely used for their sterilizing properties. They are widely used as an ingredient of…
Q: Distinguish between a sterilant, a disinfectant, and anantiseptic. What is cold sterilization?
A: The human environment is filled with microorganisms. These tiny organisms are found everywhere on…
Q: What are the advantages of UV disinfection versus, or as acomplement to, chemical disinfection with…
A: UV disinfection treatment is a very rapid physical process for disinfecting or sterilizing any…
Q: What is the function of mordant?
A: Gram staining is a common technique that is used to differentiate bacteria into two broad groups…
Q: microbial CELLS is the most RESISTANT to disinfectants and antiseptics?
A: Prions are the infectious agent which are misfolded proteins having the ability to transmit their…
Q: What was the first synthetic antimicrobial? - Salvarsan - Tetracycline - Sulfonimide
A: Need to find the first antimicrobial from the following.
Q: What advantages do analogs like ampicillin and methicillin have over penicillin?
A: Drugs are medications that are taken in the prescribed amounts under the supervision of doctors to…
Q: How do uncoupling agents work?
A: Uncoupling agents are also known as uncoupler. They are molecules that disrupts the oxidative…
Q: Explain the decomposition of drug by redox reaction
A: Introduction Drugs are complex biologically active compounds that are degraded or decomposed by the…
Q: Match the antimicrobial drug to its action. 1. Erythromycin A. Inhibits cell wall synthesis 2.…
A: In the following table the Antimicrobials have been matched with their actions: Antimicrobial…
Q: How does an emulsifier work? How does this affect the cleansing action of soaps?
A: Emulsion: a. It is a liquid preparation containing two immiscible liquids, in which one is dispersed…
Q: Explain the chemical nature of soap - is it hydrophilic or hydrophobic (or both)?
A: Soap is a mixture of sodium salts of various naturally occurring fatty acids. The soap is produced…
Q: What is the oligodynamic effect? To which chemicals does the term oligodynamic effect apply? Give 2…
A: Microorganisms are the microscopic living things around us. They can inhabit a variety of habitats…
Q: Would puromycin be useful for the treatment of a virus infection? Why or why not? Would…
A: Yes, Puromycin would be useful for the treatment of viral infections. It is an analogue of aminoacyl…
Q: What is the medical use of cyclosporin A.
A: When a donor organ expresses MHC molecules which are different from the recipient, the recipient…
Q: What are the advantages of penicillin?
A: The antimicrobial substances are the agents that inhibits the growth of micro-organism and kills…
Q: What is Pindolol drug solubility in water, acidic medium, basic medium?
A: Pindolol is a non selective beta blocker, mainly used in the treatment of hypertension, angina. It…
Q: Identify the neutral polymer carrier particle used together with iodine for antiseptic use.
A: Microbes or microorganisms invading and proliferating within an organism's body causes infection.…
Q: What advantages does alcohol have over hand soap for antisepsis of the skin?
A: Antiseptics are the chemical substances that inhibit the growth or kill the microbes that reside on…
Q: What are the advantages of live preparations?
A: Vaccines impart adaptive immunity against certain pathogens.
Q: Why antifolate use for anticancer?
A: Antifolates are compounds that are commonly used to treat different forms of cancer. They are the…
Q: What are antimicrobial peptides?
A: Introduction Short strands of amino acids connected by peptide bonds are called peptides.…
Q: Atenolol antihypertensive agent aromatic ring ether H2N. amide 'N' OH amine alcohol
A: Water is a polar solvent and polar molecules are soluble in water through hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen…
Q: What kind of drug might be made out of an antimicrobial peptide and describe an advantage it would…
A: Bacterial drug resistance is now a significant ill health everywhere the planet as a results of…
Q: Which is better to use in washing clothes, soap or synthetic detergent? Explain
A: Detergents are the surfactants or the mixture of surfactants. Surfactants are the compounds that…
Q: which antiseptic do you think will be most effective against the probiotic? Why?
A: Probiotics are live microorganisms that have direct health benefits when consumed . They are usually…
Q: Is Vinegar a disinfectant?
A: It is not an EPA-registered disinfectant that means it won't kill 99.9 percent of bacteria and…
Q: What are the disadvantages of penicillin?
A: Penicillin is narrow spectrum antibiotic that prevents synthesis of peptidoglycan in bacteria. The…
Q: What are the characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial agent?
A: Microorganisms have a very large world. Some are beneficial to live creatures, while others are…
Q: What is the main role of glycogen in wound hydrogel dressing?
A: Hydrogel rehydrate the wound bed and reduce wound pain.
Q: Give a short comparison between alcohols and aldehydes as chemical antimicrobial agents.
A: Introduction Antimicrobial agents are widely used chemical substances or physical agents which can…
For what purposes is alcohol a useful antiseptic?
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- What is the oligodynamic effect? To which chemicals does the term oligodynamic effect apply? Give 2 examples of antiseptics based upon the oligodynamic effect.What are other antiseptics that can be used as a substitute for 70% AlcoholWhat is the difference between an antiseptic and a disinfectant? Can the same chemical be used for both?