Holstein cattle suffers from the condition citrullinemia in which homozygus recessive calves die within a week of birth bc they can not break down ammonia that is produced when amino acids are metabolized. If a cow that is heterozygous for the citrullinemia gene is inseminated by a bull that is homozygous dominant, ehat is the probability that a calf inherits citrullinemia ( autosomal recessive)
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- A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What is the chance that this couple will have a child with two copies of the dominant mutant gene? What is the chance that the child will have normal height?A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. Should the parents be concerned about the heterozygous condition as well as the homozygous mutant condition?Achondroplasia is a rare dominant autosomal defect resulting in dwarfism. The unaffected brother of an individual with achondroplasia is seeking counsel on the likelihood of his being a carrier of the mutant allele. What is the probability that the unaffected client is carrying the achondroplasia allele?
- An allele responsible for Marfan syndrome Section 13.4 is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. What is the chance that a child will inherit the allele if one parent does not carry it and the other is heterozygous?Albinism is caused by an autosomal recessive allele of a single gene. An albino child is born to phenotypically normal parents. However, the paternal grandfather is albino. Exhaustive analysis suggests that neither the mother nor her ancestors carry the allele for albinism. Suggest a mechanism to explain this situation.In humans, the ability to roll your tongue is an autosomal dominant trait (T); the inability to rol your tongue is recessive (tt), having a cleft chin ai an autosomal dominant (N) and the lack of the cleft chinn is recessive (nn). A man can roll his tongue and has a clift chin; his father can not roll his tongue and didn't have a cleft chin. The man is married to a woman who can roll her tongue and who has a cleft chin; her mother coud not roll her tongue and didn't have a cleft chin. What are the possible genotuypes and phenotypes of the children? Woman's genotypes? Man's genotypes? Woman's gamete alleles? Man's gamete alleles?
- Sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. It also exhibits incomplete dominance in that the heterozygous genotype displays a mild form of the disease known as sickle cell trait while individuals with the homozygous recessive genotype have a severe form of SCA. A man who has severe sickle cell anemia marries a woman who suffers from a mild trait. What is the probabilitu they will have a child with severe SCA?What is the probability they will have a child with mild SCA? What is the probability they will have a normal child? Show ALL work using punnett squares.What is the most likely inheritance pattern shown in image B, below? B A E KEY Homozygous Homozygous Heterozygous Heterozygous Wild Type Male Female Male Female Male Note: Completely red symbol denotes an individual exhibiting the phenotype of interest CI 11 III IV V 1/4 A Autosomal Dominant Autosomal Recessive Sex-linked Dominant Sex-Linked Recessive Mitochondrial 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 Wild Type Female 1/4 1/2 B Affected Known carrier Affected female Normal female Affected male Normal maleI am having trouble answering these problem sets about sex-linked inheritance. Background: Hemophilia is a recessive X linked genetic disorder (refer to BIOL 40 B), a medical condition in which theability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slightinjury. The condition is typically caused by a hereditary lack of a coagulation factor, most often factor VIII orfactor IX (refer to Bio 40 B Textbook chapter 19 on Blood). Based on a recent study that used data collectedon patients receiving care in federally funded hemophilia treatment centers during the period 2012-2018, asmany as 33,000 males in the United States are living with the disorder.Males inherit the X chromosome from their mothers and the Y chromosome from their fathers. Femalesinherit one X chromosome from each parent. Thus, males can have a disease like hemophilia if they inheritan affected X chromosome that has a mutation in either the factor VIII or factor IX gene.…
- Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects 1 in 3 000 newborns with Caucasian background. It causes thick mucus build-up in various organs and can cause damages and problems in respiratory and digestive systemsIn the human pedigree shown below, black filled symbols indicate individuals suffering from a rare genetic disease, whereas empty symbols represent people who do not have the disease. Based on the pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance of this rare genetic disease? Hodo O X-linked dominant OX-linked recessive O Autosomal dominant O Autosomal recessive Y-linkedBased on this karyotype, what is the probability that any one of this women's children would would also be carriers for Down's Syndrome? a 100% or 1/1 b 50% or 1/2 c 25% or 1/4 d 10% or 1/10 e None would be carriers