If a communications session were to employ encryption or compression, which layer of the ISO/OSI Reference Model would perform this service?
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If a communications session were to employ encryption or compression, which layer of the ISO/OSI Reference Model would perform this service?
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- Where would this function be executed in the ISO/OSI Reference Model if an encrypted or compressed communications session was needed during a communication session?Which layer of the ISO/OSI Reference Model would be responsible for encryption or compression during a communication session?If a communications session needed encryption or compression, which layer of the ISO/OSI Reference Model would perform this function?
- Data collision is caused when many senders access the media at the same time; in order to avoid this, what protocol(s) are available, and at what layer(s) do they operate? Are these protocols able to provide a transport that is free of collisions? In the event that this is not the case, what other potential solutions are available for fixing the issue?Answer the given question with a proper explanation and step-by-step solution. Why is TCP/IP fragmentation important for internet communications? What would likely happen on the internet without that fragmentation? Why is TCP considered a "reliable" communication protocol but HTTP and Ethernet considered "not reliable"? Is there some "better way" to arrange internet communications?The term synchronization has many meanings in Computer Science. Within the networking field, the term is usually used to describe making asynchronous communication synchronous (A coordination of activities; running at the same rate) We see synchronization occurring in different layers, but we are mostly concerned with the physical layer and the data link layer (L1 and L2). a) In what ways is synchronization in these two layers similar? b) In what ways is synchronization in these two layers dissimilar?
- A 4480-octet datagram is to be transmitted and needs to be fragmented because it will pass through an Ethernet with a maximum payload of 1500 octets. Show the Total Length, More Flag, and Fragment Offset values in each of the resulting fragments.Consider a TCP segment originating on a host running a Google Chrome Browser destined for the TU Dublin Webserver: (1) Separately identify how the port numbers are assigned for the client and server applications and, identify the range from which these port numbers are allocated. (ii) Identify the byte order used to represent these addresses within the segment header. (iii) If a port number contained in the segment header is passed to the Application layer, identify the function used to convert it to the correct byte order within the application.The OSI layer, its functions, and the protocols that operate at each layer will all be covered in this section.
- Which tier of the ISO/OSI Reference Model would execute this function if a communications session required encryption or compression?A file of size 20 KiloBytes is transmitted to a destination over a 10 Megabit/s network link (1 Mega = 10^6, 1 Kilo = 10^3, 1 byte = 8 bits). The propagation delay to the destination is 40 milliseconds (1 milli = 10^−3). Assume the queueing delay encountered by packets of the file is negligible. What is the total delay (in milliseconds) for the file to get to its destination?Data collision occurs when many senders access media at the same time; which protocol(s) and Layer(s) are available to solve this issue? Are these protocols guaranteed to provide collision-free transport? If not, what other solutions are available for fixing the issue?