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1. If you knew the amino acid sequence of a peptide could you use that information to find the gene in a pool of genomic DNA. If so, how might you do this.
2. What is the difference between lytic and lysogenic viral replication?
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- 5. Imagine you are designing an anti-viral drug. Chose an enzyme important in viral replication you want to target (examples: DNA polymerase, reverse transcriptase, integrase) and describe how stopping its function would prevent viral replication.3) It is now 2085 and the world is experiencing another pandemic viral infection. The scientist that discovers the virus, purifies out the genetic information and learns that it has a sequence that is: 26% Cytosine 21% Adenine 28% Uracil and 25% Guanine What sort of genetic information does this new virus have? DNA or RNA? Single or Double Stranded? Explain how you know!4. How is replication different from transcription in terms of product? 5. What do you call each triplet code made up of three linearly arranged nucleotides in the mRNA? 6. What is the complement of the mRNA triplet code in the tRNA? 7. In what way is tRNA different from mRNA? 8. In what ways are RNA and DNA similar? 9, In what ways are they different?
- 7( what is the diagram depictin A) transcription and translation return B. DNA replication C -DNA replication transcription and translation D-transcription E- translation 1. The SARS-CoV-2 virus (causing Covid-19) has an RNA genome, which is replicated using an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The structure below shows a drug that was recently developed as a treatment for infection with SARS-CoV-2 (a) Which molecule normally found in a cell does it most resemble? (You can ignore the part of the structure highlighted with a red box. This is removed by hydrolysis when the drug enters the cell). (b) Suggest a mechanism by which this molecule might inhibit infection. (c) Why is this drug unlikely to have major effects in the host? HN OH OH1. What are the similarities and differences between Bacterial Chromosomes & Eukaryotic Chromosomes? 2. What types of Plasmids are there and what advantage does each provide for the organism they are in? 3. What is the Central Dogma of Biology / Genetics? Transcription and translation takes place simultaneously 4. What is DNA Replication? Taking DNA and making a copy DNA is not a component of central dogma 5. What are the key stages, components, & enzymes involved in DNA replication? (Make sure you can tell the story) 6. What do the following terms mean/refer to? Semiconservative, Antiparallel, 5’-3’ Polymerization, dNTP’s, Bi-Directional Replication, Leading Strand, Lagging Strand, Continuous Replication, Discontinuous Replication, Methylation, Origin of Replication, Okazaki Fragments 7. What are the key stages, components, & enzymes involved in Transcription? (Make sure you can tell the story)
- 2. What is the difference between the old and the new DNA strands? 3. What process invoives the production of MRNA using DNA as template? 1. In the Central Dogma, what process involves the production of a new DNA strand using an old DNA strand as blueprint or template? * How is replication different from transcription in terms of product? 5 What do you call each triplet code made up of three linearly arranged nucleotides in the MRNA? 6 What is the complement of the mRNA tripiet code in the tRNA? 7 In what way is tRNA different from MRNA? 8 In what ways are RNA and DNA similar? 9. In what ways are they different?1. Explain why it is NOT possible to treat diseases caused by prions with the same drugs that inhibit nucleic acid replication? 2. Explain how the attachment of viruses to bacterial cells is different from the attachment of viruses to animal cells.17. Animal viruses: Describe the replication cycle of a retrovirus like HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus). You may draw or describe the cycle. Be sure include how HIV carries out the steps of replication/multiplication from attachment/adsorption through release.
- 1. Describe the action of RNA polymerase inside a cell. Could a RNA virus use a human host cell's RNA polymerase to make copies of viral RNA from a viral RNA template? Why or why not?3. Name and describe the five steps of viral replication. Which step or steps differ the most between bacteriophage replication and animal virus replication? Why?25. A bacteriophage virus infects a bacterial cell, causing the cell's own chromosomal DNA to become fragmented. One of the new bacteriophage viruses being assembled in the cell accidentally scoops up some of the bacterium's chromosomal DNA. This bacteriophage virus goes on to infect a new bacterium. When it does so, it inserts DNA from the previous cell into the new cell. That DNA becomes integrated into the new cell's genome. This gene transfer process between bacteria is referred to as: A: Transformation OB: Transduction O C: Transcription OD: Conjugation