In the presence of probenecid, the filtration rate of penicillin is significantly reduced, leading to lower clearance rates for penicillin and a sustained therapeutic effect. True False 2. Substances that are actively secreted into the tubular lumen may have clearance rates that exceed GFR.
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In the presence of probenecid, the filtration rate of penicillin is significantly reduced, leading to lower clearance rates for penicillin and a sustained therapeutic effect.
True
False
2.
-
Substances that are actively secreted into the tubular lumen may have clearance rates that exceed GFR.
True
False
-
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Solved in 2 steps
- lease answer the following questions: Another patient has signs of glomerular capsule damage (damage to the filtration membrane) and now tests positive for proteins in her urine. What effect, if any, might this have on NFP and why? The same patient is showing signs of edema in her hands and feet (peripheral edema). What might be the explanation for this? What effect might the presence of a kidney stone have on NFP? Explain why?Review the literature to determine whether once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides (i.e., large dose-extended interval dosing method) may decrease the incidence of nephrotoxicity, and if this approach should have been initially recommended in this patient.Describe the reason why kidney exchange rarely uses extended cycles that contains more than 3 pairs of agents
- Drug X is normally given as an intermittent IV bolus of 60 mg three times a dat to achieve desired average plasma concentration of 10 mg/L. The normal clearance of x is 5 liters/ hour, and is entirely by glomerular filtration Your patient's creatinine clearance (indicating kidney function) is one-third of normal. To achieve the same desired average plasma concentration in this patient, your initial dosage regimen should be:Atrial natriuretic peptide has been found to Group of answer choices 1. inhibit sodium reabsorption by the collecting ducts. 2. increase the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus. 3. decrease sodium secretion and increase blood pressure. 4. be produced by the adrenal cortex. 5. constrict afferent arterioles, decreasing the glomerular filtration rate.A 45-year-old man is being treated with oral levofloxacin for urinary tract infection. The plasma clearance of the drug is calculated as 15.0 L/h. Oral bioavailability of the drug is 75%. Sensitivity analysis of a sputum culture shows a minimal inhibitory concentration of 1 µg/mL for the causative pathogen. The target plasma concentration is 2 mg/L. If the drug is administered twice per day. Which of the following dosages should be administered at each dosing interval to maintain a steady state? (A)300 mg (B) 480 mg (C) 520 mg (D) 600 mg (E) 710 mg
- A 48 year-old woman with diabetic nephropathy was suffering from end-stage renal disease. They received a kidney transplant 3 months ago and renal function is now considered normal. Since the transplant, their anti-rejection medication regime involves 20mg prednisolone once a day.What test results might be expected when considering the impact of prednisolone on the body? Select ALL that apply [3 marks]- hyperlipemia -increased plasma ACTH - increased plasma cortisol - hyperkalaemia -hyponatremia -anaemia -decreased plasma 11-deoxycortisolWrite down the Similarities and dissimilarities of Urinary tract infection (UTI) management in man and woman? Or, Compare and contrast of UTI management in man and woman? Please explain at your own words.An 85 year old women with a history of diabetes mellitus and a broken hip has been confined to bed for 3 months. She has been complaining of aching muscles and her recent blood glucose result is 250mg/dL (Normal Range 70 - 100mg/dL) Urinalysis is with the following results: Color: Reddish brown Appearance: Clear Sp Gr: 1.020, pн 5.0 Protein: 2+ Glucose: 100 mg/dL (3+) Ketones: Negative Blood: Moderate Bilirubin: Negative Urobilinogen: Normal Nitrite: Negative Leukocyte esterase: Negative Microscopic exam: 0 – 2 WBC/hpf; few squamous epithelial cells/hpf Questions (3): A. What is the significance of the negative Ketones result? a. Increased fat metabolism b. Fat is not being metabolized for energy c. Starvation d. Patient has just consumed a high fat meal B. Glucose will appear in the urine when the: a. Blood level of glucose is greater than 180 mg/dL b. Tm (Transport maximum) for glucose in tubular cells is exceeded c. Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded d. All of the above C. The…
- 30, With respect to renal autoregulation, myogenic mechanism refers to Multiple Choice both glomerulus increase of blood flow and macula densa secreting renin are correct ability of macula densa to sense a increase in Na+ content in tubular fluid and secrete renin in response ability of a muscle to contract reflexively without nervous stimulation to adjust blood vessel diameter ability of glomerulus to increase blood flow and increase filtration rateMatch each clinical scenario to the most likely renal function. Each selection will be used ONCE. 1. Chronic Kidney Disease ONLY 2. Acute Kidney Injury ONLY 3. Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease (pre-existing CKD with concurrent AKI) 4. End-Stage Renal Disease A middle-aged patient with Type 1 DM has an Albumin-to- Creatinine urinary ratio (ACR) of 300 and a GFR of 47. Their serum creatinine is fairly close to their previous level. An otherwise healthy patient is admitted to the hospital for a traumatic injury resulting in massive blood loss. Their serum creatinine is very high compared to baseline. A patient whose baseline GFR is about 40 has received vancomycin antibiotic therapy for two weeks. Their serum creatinine is higher today than it was yesterday. A patient who has been diagnosed with CKD and albuminuria for several years has been told by their PCP that they need to start dialysis soon as they are experiencing significant fluid retention and hypertension despite taking loop…1. In the collecting duct, Type B intercalated cells express the Cl-/HCO3- antiporter on their apical membrane. True False 2. Severe proteinuria can lead to an increase in plasma colloid osmotic pressure and the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial compartment. True False